There are many types of light source specifically bulbs in the market with different working principles. Each them provides intensity at wavelength. In order to check energy efficiency, it is not appropriate measure certain specific wavelength for same power rating bulb. Therefore, this paper reported averaging spectroscopy method measurement between 400-700 nm before comparison carried out. It...

Introduction: Ultraviolet index (UVI) is a dimensionless scale, which describes the maximum intensity and biologic effects of UV during a specific time, on surface of the earth. The UVI is  an  international  standard measurement of  the  strength  of sunburn  producing ultraviolet radiation at a particular place and time. This index is an easy and understandable concept for pr...

A new model is proposed for the measurement errors incurred in typical small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments, which takes into account the setup geometry and physics of the measurement process. The model accurately captures the experimentally determined errors from a large range of synchrotron and in-house anode-based measurements. Its most general formulation gives for the variance o...

Image registration is a useful technique to measure the change between two or more images. Lung CT image registration is widely used an non-invasive method to measure the lung function changes. Non-invasive lung function measurement accuracy highly depends on lung CT image registration accuracy. Improving the registration accuracy is an important issue. In this thesis, we propose incorporating ...

results the results show the artificial lighting obtained by difference methods of the overall lighting from natural lighting in closed blinds mode equal to 266 lux and night lighting 283.5 lux that they have no significant differences with each other (p = 0.269). as well as the illumination intensity obtained from a standard grid method is 283.5 lux and illumination intensity based on luminair...