The purpose of this study was to determine the role of streptococcal M protein in naturally-occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (nTregs) function and development in rheumatic heart disease in Iraqi patients. Streptococcus pyogenes was isolated for subsequent M protein extraction. Also, peripheral blood nTregs and CD4+ T cells were isolated by using Magnetic Cell Separation System. Tissue cul...

BACKGROUND An exaggerated inflammatory response occurs in the first few days of life in infants who subsequently develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The increase of inflammatory cytokines in many disease processes is generally balanced by a rise in anti-inflammatory cytokines. Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) have been shown to inhibit production of several inflammatory cyt...

Interleukin 4 (IL-4) inhibited the differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemia M1 cells induced by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), interleukin 6, or dexamethasone and conversely enhanced the induction of M1 cell differentiation by 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. IL-4 blocked LIF-induced differentiation of M1 cells when it was added to the culture medium within 10 h after LIF, but IL-4 did not b...

objective(s): systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) is a multi-factorial autoimmune disease which may be characterized by t lymphocytes dysfunctions. th17 cells have been identified as new effector cells, which play an important role in the pathogenesis. in recent years, immunomodulatory effect of vitamin d3 has been noticed. in the present experiment, the effect of vitamin d3 on the expression of...

background: use of smokeless tobacco in the form of moist snuff placed in the oral cavity is popular in rural india. the aim of the present cross-sectional study was to determine the effect of snuff on periodontitis by assessing interleukin (il)-1 β and il-8 levels in gingival crevicular fl uid. materials and methods: a total of 60 subjects were selected for this study. 40 subjects presented wi...

This review aimed to describe the interleukins and interleukin gene polymorphisms related recommended as a RAS biomarker. Articles were searched through PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library databases, using keywords of “Interleukin” AND “Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis”. The Risk Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Studies (RoBANS) was used, writing this refers Preferred Reporting Items Sy...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with barrier defects and microbial dysbiosis. The development progression of AD critically depends on the action type 2 immune cells mediators. However, identity these as well their chronological appearance in establishment are still elusive. This project aims to disclose kinetics cellular contributors responses AD, focusi...

The roles of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13 in the regulation of immunity to Leishmania donovani infection are still poorly understood. Here we show that the increased parasite load observed in IL-4(-/-) and IL-4 receptor alpha(-/-) mice correlates with retarded granuloma maturation and antileishmanial activity and that the increased parasite load observed in IL-4 receptor alpha(-/-) mice corre...