This article studies the computational power of various discontinuous real computational models that are based on the classical analog recurrent neural network (ARNN). This ARNN consists of finite number of neurons; each neuron computes a polynomial net function and a sigmoid-like continuous activation function. We introduce arithmetic networks as ARNN augmented with a few simple discontinuous ...

Effective orthodontic anchorage may be obtained by miniimplants inserted into the maxillary bones. However, the risk of miniimplant failure is one of the most important issues, especially the rupture of its structure referred to as fracture, mainly due to metal deficiencies. This study analyzed the internal microstructure of orthodontic mini-implants, ascertaining the composition of the metal t...

This paper extends previous methods for obtaining the probability distribution function of end-to-end distance for semiflexible polymers, and presents a general formalism that can generate conformational statistics of any continuum filament model of semiflexible chains with internal bends and twists. In particular, our focus is distribution functions for chains composed of straight or helical s...

In this paper, a new approach to detect surface discontinuities in a visual–force control task is described. A task which consists in tracking a surface using visual–force information is shown. In this task, in order to reposition the robot tool with respect to the surface it is necessary to determine the surface discontinuities. This paper describes a new method to detect surface discontinuiti...

One problem with speech synthesis impeding high quality is the occurrence of audible discontinuities at segment boundaries. Formant jumps across concatenation points suggest the problem to be due to spectral differences. The problem is most apparent in vowels and semi-vowels. We propose to reduce the number of audible discontinuities by adding context-sensitive diphones to the database. The num...

The current work focuses on applying an artificial viscosity approach to the Spectral Difference (SD) method to enable high-order computation of compressible fluid flows with discontinuities. The study uses an artificial viscosity approach similar to the high-wavenumber biased artificial viscosity approach introduced by Cook and Cabot, and modified by Kawai and Lele. The model employs a bulk vi...

We develop a theory based on relative entropy to show the uniqueness and L stability (up to a translation) of extremal entropic Rankine-Hugoniot discontinuities for systems of conservation laws (typically 1-shocks, n-shocks, 1-contact discontinuities and n-contact discontinuities of large amplitude) among bounded entropic weak solutions having an additional trace property. The existence of a co...

When two semiconductors are joined at a heterojunction, discontinuities occur in the valence bands and in the conduction bands. For an atomically abrupt interface, these discontinuities are sharp on an atomic length scale (i.e. on the order of a few atomic distances). This is in contrast with band-bending effects, which are associated with depletion layers, and which occur on much larger length...

INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 2190 I. EXAMPLES OF NEW PROPERTY RIGHTS ....................................... 2193 A. Spectrum ................................................................................... 2194 1. Shannon’s Law and the Cumulative Nature of Interference ................................................... 2194 2. G...