Traditionally, plantation sector in India has been regarded as a source of foreign exchange. Hence the system of innovation and production evolved over the years mainly at the instance of the state has been geared to enhance its international competitiveness. Though the role of plantation sector in the export basket of India declined over the years, the paper argues that the present role of pla...

Elizabeth Zamora and Jacob Kirchmer Lower wages in foreign markets and the rise in outsourcing by U.S. companies have become important topics in the debate on U.S. competitiveness. Though discussion of these issues tends to evoke images of the quickly growing information technology sector and of other service sectors especially vulnerable to outsourcing, debate has also focused on the impact of...

The term competitiveness is widely applied as a catch-all for investor-friendly policies and institutions. This article argues that sloppy applications of the term ignore the possibilities of policy tradeoffs and varieties of institutional choices. Popular conceptualizations of the term describe three discernible clusters of economic policies and institutions. One cluster captures openness to i...

the relationship between technology and international competitiveness dates back to the neo-technological trade theories of the 1960s. this approach considers difference in technology as the primary motive for difference among nations in terms of trade performance. the technology gap approach emphasizes inter-country differences in innovativeness as the basis for international trade flows. the ...

At an analytical level, the international dimensions of environmental policies may be divided into three categories, viz. national (or competitiveness), psychological (non-physical) and transboundary pollution problems (global externalities). It is argued that only the third problem (viz. degradation of regional or global commons) ought appropriately to be seen as being truly international (or ...

International subcontracting relationships are often characterized by considerable power asymmetries. The actors in global value chain obtained different profits. Different governance dominant modes reflect different roles of countries and enterprises played in the global value chains and result in different industrial international competitiveness in the end Through a relation model of upstrea...