heterotopic pregnancy is a rare event in natural conception cycles. the prevalence of heterotopic pregnancy is known to be increasing in part due to more precise diagnostic techniques and widespread use of of assisted reproductive technology. a case of an incidental heterotopic pregnancy diagnosed at 10 weeks of gestational age is reported here in which laparotomy was scheduled and right salpin...

Uterine fibroids are common benign tumors that may cause an umbilical hernia in patients with increased intra-abdominal pressure due to pregnancy, obesity, ascites, and intra-abdominal tumors. However, the simultaneous occurrence of uterine fibroids and umbilical hernias, or fibroids and an associated umbilical hernia, during pregnancy has rarely been reported. Here, we present the case of a fi...

Infertility is defined as failure to achieve pregnancy during one year of frequent, unprotected intercourse. Evaluation generally begins after 12 months, but it can be initiated earlier if infertility is suspected based on history or if the female partner is older than 35 years. Major causes of infertility include male factors, ovarian dysfunction, tubal disease, endometriosis, and uterine or c...