granting of intellectual property rights on biological materials could be very contentious issue from cultural, legal, ethical and religious points of view. this could be even more complicated, once it acquires an international dimension. the agreement on trade related intellectual property rights (trips) is the latest international arrangement under which, a complex structure for international...

This paper examines the effects of international collaborative efforts on climate-friendly agricultural technologies global food security. In particular, we use patent data environmental technological innovations for OECD countries and prices from period 1990 to 2016. Also, investigate impact uncertainties in weather conditions terms rising temperature created by climate change using surface En...