[1] The authors of a recent paper [Jones and Su, 2008] have used two-fluid plasma theory [e.g., Streltsov et al., 1998] to predict the parallel electric field strength of a shear Alfvén wave traveling through the Jovian magnetosphere from the vicinity of Io to the Jovian ionosphere. [2] Two-fluid analyses give adequate predictions for the parallel electric field strength Ek in plasma regimes wh...

The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the maximum concentration (C(max)) and time to maximum concentration (T(max)) of epinephrine administered via tibial intraosseous (IO), sternal IO, and intravenous (i.v.) routes in a porcine model of cardiac arrest during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Five pigs each were randomly assigned to 3 groups: tibial IO, sternal IO, and i.v. Cardia...

Load balancing is very important for achieving high performance in distributed computer systems which often consist of heterogeneous computing and communications resources. In this paper, we study a cooperative load balancing scheme for central-server node distributed systems (CCOOPIO) and evaluate its performance using simulations. The objective of CCOOP-IO is to minimize the mean response tim...

The location and contextual status (indoor or outdoor) is fundamental and critical information for upper-layer applications, such as activity recognition and location-based services (LBS) for individuals. In addition, optimizations of building management systems (BMS), such as the pre-cooling or heating process of the air-conditioning system according to the human traffic entering or exiting a ...

UNLABELLED Inferior olive (IO) neurons are critical for motor coordination and exhibit oscillations in membrane potential that are subthreshold for spiking. The prevalence, coherence, and continuity of those subthreshold oscillations (STOs) depend upon resonant interactions between neighboring neurons supported by electrical coupling. Many studies of the olivocerebellar system in rodents, in wh...

Multilayer structures in which the layers are both electrically and physically connected are critical to be used as high-performance electrodes for photovoltaic devices. We present the first multiscale bilayer inverse opal (IO) structures for application as electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). A bilayer of a mesoscopic IO layer (70 nm pore diameter) and a top macroporous IO layer (2...

BACKGROUND For patients' safety reasons, current American Heart Association and European Resuscitation Council guidelines recommend intraosseous (IO) vascular access as an alternative in cases of emergency, if prompt venous catheterization is impossible. The purpose of this study was to compare the IO access as a bridging procedure versus central venous catheterization (CVC) for in-hospital adu...