Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), is the major cause of irreversible blindness and visual impairment in elderly population. We previously established a RPE degeneration model using an acute high dose sodium iodate to induce oxidative stress. Here we report findings on a prolonged treatment of low doses of sodiu...

Two front instabilities in a reaction-diiusion system are shown to lead to the formation of complex patterns. The rst is an instability to transverse modulations that drives the formation of labyrinthine patterns. The second is a Nonequilibrium Ising-Bloch (NIB) bifurcation that renders a stationary planar front unstable and gives rise to a pair of counterpropagating fronts. Near the NIB bifurc...

OBJECTIVE Iodine deficiency has re-emerged in New Zealand, while selenium status has improved. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of excess iodine intake as iodate on thyroid and selenium status. METHODS In a randomized controlled trial on older people (mean±s.d. 73±4.8 years; n=143), two groups received >50  mg iodine as iodate/day for 8 weeks because of supplement formulat...

PURPOSE To provide proof-of-concept that the extent of intraretinal manganese uptake after systemic MnCl(2) injection, detected with manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI), assesses alterations in intraretinal ion demand in models of ocular insult. METHODS In Sprague-Dawley rats, retinal ion demand and thickness were measured from MEMRI data collected before, 4 hours after, or 1, 3, and 7 days after ...

Since the principle of competitive inhibition in chemotherapy was introduced by Woods (1940), several attempts have been made to prepare compounds with an inhibitory action against thyroxine. The first report of direct antagonism was that of Woolley (1946) who observed that a number of ethers of N-acetyldiiodotyrosine exhibited antithyroxine activity in amphibian metamorphosis. Harington (1948)...

PURPOSE To investigate the rate and source of albumin entry into experimental nonrhegmatogenous detachments. METHODS Detachments were made in Dutch rabbits by injecting Hanks' balanced salt solution into the subretinal space through a micropipette. Subretinal fluid was withdrawn 0 to 4 hours later through a similar micropipette and analyzed for osmolality and albumin content (by gel electroph...

PURPOSE To determine whether hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSCs/HPCs) can home to and regenerate the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) after induced injury. METHODS Enriched HSCs/HPCs from green fluorescent protein (gfp) transgenic mice were transplanted into irradiated recipient mice to track bone marrow-derived cells. Physical damage was induced by breaching Bruch's membrane and i...

Iodine oxides, such as iodate, should theoretically be the only stable sink species for iodine in the troposphere. However, field observations have increasingly found very little iodate and significant amounts of iodide and organically bound iodine in precipitation and aerosols. The aim of this study was to investigate iodine speciation, including 5 the organic fraction, in rain, snow, and aero...

AIM Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of iodine supplementation on iodine content of eggs in laying hens. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the experiment, 135 laying hens (White Leghorn) of 55 weeks age were randomly distributed to 5 dietary treatments; each group contained 27 laying hens distributed in three replicates of 9 birds each. Diet T1 was control basa...

PURPOSE To correlate damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) with decreased visual function after the systemic administration of sodium iodate (NaIO(3)). METHODS Damage was produced in mice by injection of 15, 25, or 35 mg/kg NaIO(3). Visual function was assessed with the cued water maze (WM) behavioral test and the optokinetic reflex (OKR) measurement at different times after injectio...