Molecular dynamics simulations of supercritical electrolyte solutions with three different ion–water models are performed to study the anion–cation potential of mean force of an infinitely dilute aqueous NaCl solution in the vicinity of the solvent’s critical point. The association constant for the ion pair Na/Cl and the constant of equilibrium between the solvent-separated and the contact ion ...

tion for contact effects and of the small difference between NH3 and air mobilities. It points, however, in the same direction as the NH3-air work; namely, to a preferential change in concentration of NH3 molecules in the neighborhood of both ions. This effect is noticeable even at high concentrations of NH3. One thus sees in the negative ion the effect of the dielectric constant of NH3 on the ...

The hydrolysis of sodium borohydride as a source of hydrogen gas is studied at different mole ratios of H+ to NaBH4. The sulfonated porous carbon (SPC) is used as a source of hydrogen ion and catalyst. It is found that the sulfonated porous carbon exhibits high activity for the hydrolysis of NaBH4 to generate hydrogen gas at room temperature in comparison to Amberlyst-15 and Nafion-NR50. The ki...

We investigate the segmental and local dynamics as well as the transport of Li(+) cations in a series of model poly(ethylene oxide)-based single-ion conductors with varying ion content, using dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. We observe a slowing down of segmental dynamics and an increase in glass transition temperature above a critical ion content, as well as the appearance of an additional ...

Na or K ion rechargeable battery is started to garner attention recently in Place of Li+ ion cell. It is important that A+ site ion can move in and out the positive-electrode materials. When K2Ta2O6 powder had a pyrochlore structure was only dipped into NaOH aqueous solution at room temperature, Na2Ta2O6 was obtained. K2Ta2O6 was fabricated from a tantalum sheet by a hydrothermal synthesize wit...

We show that strong coupling between ions in an ultracold neutral plasma is limited by electron screening. While electron screening reduces the quasiequilibrium ion temperature, it also reduces the ion-ion electrical potential energy. The net result is that the ratio of nearest-neighbor potential energy to kinetic energy in quasiequilibrium is constant and limited to approximately 1 unless the ...

The ion-induced folding transitions of the hammerhead ribozyme have been analysed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The hammerhead ribozyme may be regarded as a special example of a three-way RNA junction, the global structure of which has been studied by comparing the distances (as energy transfer efficiencies) between the ends of pairs of labelled arms for the three possible end-to-e...

The influence of ion bombardment on the structure of the silicon lattice has been the subject of numerous investigations. The various effects induced by low energy ion bombardment in the outer layers of a solid lattice damage, ion implantation, surface roughness, sputtering and surface state changes are reflected in changes of the complex dielectric constant Z, which can be measured by means of...

Solutions to Maxwell 's equat ions at a semi4nfini te plane and a double slit are used to construct lines of cons tant ampli tude, constant phase and energy flow. The lines of energy flow show how the electromagnetic bounda ry condi t ions necessi tate a particular undula t ion in the pa th of the light energy and that the consequent redis t r ibut ion of energy corresponds with a diffraction o...

Two experimental techniques, electron swarm and electron beam, have been applied to the problem of electron attachment to POCl3, with results indicating that there is a competition between dissociation of the resonant POCl3-* state and collisional stabilization of the parent anion. In the electron beam experiment at zero electron energy, the fragment ion POCl2- is the dominant ion product of at...