PURPOSE To analyze the flip angle dependence and to optimize the statistical precision of a fast three-dimensional (3D) T1 mapping technique based on the variable flip angle (VFA) method. The proposed single flip angle (1FA) approach acquires only a single 3D spoiled gradient echo data set for each time point of the dynamical series in combination with a longer baseline measurement. THEORY AN...

Delay faults are frequently encountered in nanometer technologies. Therefore, it is critical to detect these faults during factory test. Testing for a delay fault requires the application of a pair of test vectors in an at-speed manner. To maximize the delay fault detection capability, it is desired that the vectors in this pair are independent. Independent vector pairs cannot always be applied...

Quantum dot cellular automata (QCA) introduces a pioneer technology in nano scale computer architectures. Employing this technology is one of the solutions to decrease the size of circuits and reducing power dissipation. In this paper, two new optimized FlipFlops with reset input are proposed in quantum dot cellular automata technology. In addition, comparison with related works is performed.Th...

to investigate the effect of plant density and supplemental irrigation on agronomic characteristics, chlorophyll content and light interception beneath the canopy of three chickpea genotypes under dryland conditions, an experiment was conducted at research station of lorestan agricultural research center located at chegini, khoramabad, during 2004-2005. the study was conducted using a split-spl...

The jitter, obtained by SFEMG recordings, mainly reflects the neuromuscular transmission time variability and is usually Gaussian distributed. Here is reported the bimodal distribution of the interpotential intervals, the flip-flop phenomenon. Long flip-flop in cases of reinnervation may indicate alternatively continuous and saltatory nerve conduction. Short flip-flop in normal subjects may be ...

The impairment of apoptotic pathways represents an efficient mechanism to promote chemoresistance in cancer cells. We previously showed that in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells, long isoform of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP(L)) accounts for apoptosis resistance in a context of functional p53 and resistance could be overcome by c-FLIP(L) downmodulation. Here, we studied the asso...

Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that underlie neuron death after stroke is important to allow the development of effective neuroprotective strategies. In this study, we investigated the contribution of death receptor signaling pathways to neuronal death after ischemia using in vitro and in vivo models of ischemic injury and transgenic mice that are deficient in tumor necrosis factor recep...

BACKGROUND Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have been used as a blood pool contrast agent for magnetic resonance angiography and perfusion studies. Linear relationship between signal intensity (SI) and nanoparticle concentration is essential for perfusion measurement. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different flip angles on maximum SI and...

An all optical set-reset flip flop is presented that is based on two coupled identical laser diodes. The lasers are coupled so that when one of the lasers lases it quenches lasing in the other laser. The state of the flip flop is determined by which laser is currently lasing. Rate equations are used to model the flip flop and obtain steady state characteristics. The flip flop is experimentally ...