Investors and policymakers have long hoped that Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (TIPS) would provide an accurate measure of long-term market inflation expectations. To make informed decisions and to ensure that inflation does not erode the purchasing power of their assets, investors need to assess the rate of inflation expected by other market participants. Having an accurate measure of...

We investigate the range of inflationary universe models driven by scalar fields possessing a general interaction potential of the form V (φ) = V0φ n exp(−λφm). Power-law, de Sitter and intermediate inflationary universes emerge as special cases together with several new varieties of inflation. Analysing the behaviour of these models at the extrema of φ we derive sufficient constraints on the m...

Glioblastoma is a destructive form of brain tumor that kills most patients within two years of diagnosis.Treatments for glioblastoma include the usual options of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, but there is no effective treatment. The tumors are capable of spreading tendrils out into the brain and it can grow back in a matter of months after being removed. The cancer stem cell...

The monotypic genus Linoderus Sharp, 1885 was described based on a species from Panama and since the original description nearly nothing has been added to its taxonomical knowledge. The aim of the present paper is to describe a new species of the genus from Colombia and to report the genus for the first time from South America, adding some biological notes of the species.

Guiding and anchoring inflation expectations of the public are key tasks of modern central banks. In this paper we investigate how the European Central Bank (ECB) influences inflation expectations of professional forecasters. We argue that it is a good sign that interest rate changes as such are not significant in explaining inflation expectations: The ECB has been able to prepare professional ...

In the 1990s, a number of countries adopted explicit inflation targets as the goal of monetary policy, following the example of New Zealand and Canada.1 The targets were introduced to make more concrete the authorities’ commitment to achieve and maintain low rates of inflation in their economies. This paper provides a brief overview of the inflation-targeting programs of four countries—New Zeal...

We thank Mike Cox, Greg Huffman, Eric Leeper, John Welch, Mark Wynne, and, especially, Evan Koenig and Ellis Tallman for very helpful comments on earlier drafts of this article, as well as Steven Prue for excellent research assistance and Rhonda Harris and Monica Reeves for careful editorial review. Any remaining errors are our own responsibility. A four countries has been mixed, as Table 1 ind...