The order Saprolegniales includes pathogenic species of aquatic and terrestrial plants and aquatic animals including fish. These straminipilous fungi play an important role as a decomposing component which participates in the destruction processes of organic substrates and self-cleaning biological processes in freshwater ecosystems. In this study, samples of brown decayed twigs, leaves, woods a...

one of the most important instruments of iranian foreign policy is an active and proactive cultural diplomacy. the exercise of such a diplomacy is more essential in neighboring strategic region of persian gulf. hence, this article strives to explore and explaine different aspects of iran’s cultural diplomacy and various determining variables that necessitate its exercise in that region. the mai...