The paper by Zhnang and Roth [5] presents a Linear solution to kinematic parameter identification of robot manipulators. With their method, the orientation parameters for all revolute joints have to be solved first before solving for the translation parameters for all revolute joints and the orientation parameters for all prismatic joints simultaneously. Our major modification here is to decomp...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility that periarticular osteophytes plays a role as a appendicular joint stress marker (JSM) which reflects the biomechanical stresses on individuals and populations. METHODS A total of 366 contemporary Japanese skeletons (231 males, 135 females) were examined closely to evaluate the periarticular osteophytes of six major joints, t...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of lubricin gene dosage and cyclic loading on whole joint coefficient of friction and articular cartilage surface integrity in mouse knee joints. METHODS Joints from mice with 2 (Prg4(+/+)), 1 (Prg4(+/-)), or no (Prg4(-/-)) functioning lubricin alleles were subjected to 26 hours of cyclic loading using a custom-built pendulum. Coefficient of friction value...

Expressions were presented which can be used to estimate the strengths of continuous fiber reinforced composite laminates containing pin-loaded holes. The expressions apply to laminates containing either a single pin loaded hole, a single row of pin loaded holes, or two parallel rows of pin loaded holes.

A man, woman, or child breaks an arm or sustains an injury in or in the neighbourhood of a joint. After a longer or shorter period of immobilisation according to the therapeutic leanings of the particular surgeon or physician who has been called in to the sufferer, a degree of stiffness sets in in the neighbourhood of the joint. The time is now ripe for the medical attendant to do what he calls...

Miniaturisation of electronic products is increasingly important for reasons of functionality enhancement and freedom of design. This is realised by integration into silicon and developing miniature packages with high I/O and power dissipation density. Generally this leads to elevated temperatures, not only in the components but also in the solder joints. Elevated temperature cycling leads to f...

Table. Laboratory Data Leukocytes (× 10 6.2 Neutrophils (× 10 4.5 Eosinophils (× 10 0.1 Basophils (× 10 0 Monocytes (× 10 0.7 Lymphocytes (× 10 1 Hemoglobin (g/dL 6.9 Platelets (× 10 21.8 CRP (mg/dL 5.52 ESR (mm/h >150 BUN (mg/dL 19 Creatinine (mg/d 0.89 AST (mU/m 10 ALT (mU/m 3 LDH (mU/ 112 Antinuclear antibody (Anti-CCP antibody (Rheumatoid factor (CRP: C-reactive protein, ESR: erythrocyte se...

The WHO/ILAR core set of endpoints for rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials signifies progress in a continuing worldwide effort. This core set includes the following measures: pain, patient global assessment, physical disability, swollen joints, tender joints, acute phase reactants, and physician global assessment; in studies of one or more years' duration, radiographs of joints should be perfo...

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Synovial fluid is a viscous solution found in the cavities of synovial joints. The principal role of synovial fluid is to reduce friction between the articular cartilages of synovial joints during movement. The presence of high molar mass hyaluronan (HA) in this fluid gives it the required viscosity for its function as lubricant solution. Inflammation oxidation stress enhances normal degradatio...