Background The favorable decay properties of 43Sc and 44Sc for PET make them promising candidates for future applications in nuclear medicine. An advantage 43Sc (T1/2 = 3.89 h, Eβ+av = 476 keV [88%]) exhibits over 44Sc, however, is the absence of co-emitted high energy γ-rays. While the production and application of 44Sc has been comprehensively discussed, research concerning 43Sc is still in i...

BACKGROUND Rosiglitazone, an insulin sensitizing agent, has been recently implicated in the control of inflammatory processes and modulation of expression of various cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). However, its mechanistic effect of gastric mucosal integrity remains to be elucidated. METHODS The present study was designed to determine effect of rosiglitazone on gastric mucosa...

The increasing significance of oligonucleotides as therapeutic agents necessitates a high level of quality control. In such protocols, chromatographic analysis of crude and final active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) is necessary to ensure the detection of contaminants at concentration levels down to trace amounts relative to the drug. A combination of chromatographic techniques, in particula...

Abstract In this paper, the epoxy value of resin TDE-85 was measured by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) spectroscopy and tetraethylammonium bromide titration. Comparisons measurement results repeatability two methods show that NMR can be used to measure TDE-85. However, because high requirements for sample purity, when testing containing impurities, is worse than

Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP), a major virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), is capable of activating human neutrophils to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and secrete inammatory mediators. HP-NAP is a vaccine candidate, a possible drug target, and a potential in vitro diagnostic marker for H. pylori infection. HP-NAP has also been shown to be a ...

The tandem/sequential combination of epoxidation and hydrogenolysis for unsaturated fatty esters is not straightforward, due to incompatibility problems with the impurities present or generated in used solvents. chlorinated α,α,α-trifluorotoluene leads formation important amounts chlorohydrins by HCl step. use trifluoroethanol (TFE) step produces trifluoroacetic acid traces oxidation, responsib...

PURPOSE Recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) has been utilized as an antineoplastic agent for the treatment of patients with melanoma and sarcoma. It targets tumor cell antigens by impressing tumor-associated vessels. Protein purification with affinity chromatography has been widely used in the downstream processing of pharmaceutical-grade proteins. METHODS In this study, we examin...

A novel and industrially applicable strategy for separating and purifying the water-soluble polysaccharides from the fresh Spirulina platensis is introduced in this study. After hot water extraction, using chitosan flocculation treatment, 86.0% of the particles and 85.9% of the pigments in the crude extract were removed. The purity of polysaccharides could be increased to 94.6% and 96.1% by app...

Calcite crystals were grown from solution with single-crystal dimensions up to 3 mm and doped up to 0.1 at% with Nd ions. Phase purity was verified by powder X-ray diffraction. The concentration of Nd was measured by energy-dispersive spectrometry and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. Micro X-ray fluorescence mapping of the calcite grains indicates uniform Nd distribution in as-grown crys...

Activation analysis was carried out on the purified iron and aluminum to study the behavior of trace impurities on purification process, and to estimate the purity of the purified samples. Thermal neutrons with high Cd ratio through D2O column or graphite column were used for the activation of samples to reduce the interference effects by fast neutrons, the reactions, (n, p) or (n, a), from mat...