Toxicity of perfluorinated carboxylic acids with carbon chain C(8) to C(12) were tested with oligochaeta Tubifex tubifex. Toxicity was evaluated as the exposure time ET(50) from onset of damage of the oligochaeta in saturated aqueous solutions. The ET(50) fluctuated between 25 and 257 minutes. No statistically significant difference was found among the C(8), C(9) and C(12) acids (ET(50) between...

abstract this correlational-survery research was conducted with the main objective of investigating viewpoints of farmers of markazi district of karaj towards participation in community supported agriculture. the statistical population of the study consisted of farmers in markazi district of karaj (n=1598) out of which 117 people were selected as sample using cochran formula. in order to enhanc...

Cities as the most complex man-made structures have been always exposed to natural and man-made hazards; these unpredictable risks have imposed seriousimpacts on urban areas. Meanwhile Urban Resiliency is the ability of cities to respond quickly to inappropriate and unpredictable conditions, which continiues stronger than before, consistent to the new conditions. Karaj as one of the metropolise...

Aims of the Study: The physical, chemical and biological characteristics of Karaj River (near the city of Tehran, Iran), has been studied to evaluate the suitability of its water for domestic uses. Materials & Methods: Samples of water were collected from various localities before, in and after Karaj Dam Lake and were analyzed based on needs for Water Q...

This study aims at disclosing the relationship between emotional intelligence and reflective teaching ability of experienced English teachers extent level impacts teaching. There were forty-one with least 3 years experience as participants instructing three different language institutes, four non-associate Professor Applied Linguistics, from Dehkadeh-ye-Olympic, Tehran governmental schools in K...

insects with over 30,000 aquatic species are known as very successful arthropods in freshwater habitats. some of them are applied as biological indicators for water quality control, as well as the main food supply for fishes and amphibians. the faunistic studies are the basic step in entomological researches; the current study was carried out emphasizing on the fauna of aquatic insects in karaj...