KOS is an experimental operating system kernel that is designed to be simple and accessible to serve as a platform for research, experimentation, and teaching. The overall focus of this project is on system-level infrastructure software, in particular runtime systems.

Democritus was born in Abdera, Thrace, in the 5th century BC. He travelled to the East while being the student of famous philosophers. His philosophical ideas and the establishment of particles, "the atoms", gave him a leading position in world history. However, his medical knowledge was vast especially in the field of pediatric pharmacology. Numerous are also the reports of his passion for ana...

The biosynthesis of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) involves, as a preliminary step, the hydroxylation of L-tryptophan to 5hydroxytryptophan, followed by decarboxylation of the 5-hydroxytryptophan formed (1). The second reaction has been demonstrated to occur in many tissues, and the enzyme responsible has been extensively studied (2). Two recent reports on the hydroxylation of tryptophan repre...

Locally testable codes are error-correcting codes for which membership of a given word in the code can be tested probabilistically by examining it in very few locations. A linear code C ⊆ F2 is called sparse if dim(C) = O(log(n)). We say that a code C ⊆ F2 is -biased if all nonzero codewords of C have relative weight in the range ( 1 2 − , 1 2 + ), where may be a function of n. Kaufman and Suda...

Educational attainment and gender differences on fluid intelligence (Gf), crystallized intelligence (Gc), and academic skills in reading, math, and writing were analyzed for stratified adult samples ranging in age from 22 to 90 years. The data sources were the adult portions of the standardization samples of the second editions of Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (N = 570) and the Kaufman Test o...

In the 1960s it was shown that a rare type of tumour called a teratocarcinoma contains cells that are both pluripotent and self-renewing (Kleinsmith & Pierce, 1964). Pluripotent means the capacity of an individual cell to give rise to all other cell types of the body and the germline. This property is normally restricted to a brief window in early development. Selfrenewal is the production of i...

Treatment with idoxuridine (5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine; I.D.U.) of experimental herpes simplex keratitis in rabbits (Kaufman, Nesburn, and Maloney, 1962; Corwin, Okumoto, Thygeson, and Jawetz, 1963) was followed by reports of its successful use in herpes simplex in man (Kaufman, Martola, and Dohiman, 1962; Corrigan, Gilkes, and Roberts, 1962; Havener and Wachtel, 1963 ; Maxwell, 1963). Other author...

A specific angiotensin II monoclonal antibody, KAA8, was used to examine the interaction between sympathetic function and angiotensin II in pithed rats. KAA8, at 5 or 50 mg/kg i.v., did not alter the mean blood pressure, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, or heart rate responses to sympathetic neural stimulation (0.25-4.0 Hz) or to norepinephrine (0.3-3 micrograms/kg i.v.) but blocked...

I recently had the pleasure of editing a volume of essays on the determinants of greatness (Kaufman, 2013a). A variety of perspectives were represented in the volume, including behavioral genetics, individual differences, and expert performance. The clearest conclusion from the volume was that the development of high achievement involves a complex interaction of many personal and environmental ...

Applying the idea of “intelligent testing” (Kaufman, 1979, 1994) to creativity assessment could broaden our understanding of creativity assessment and would be in accord with the vision of E. Paul Torrance. Such intelligent creativity testing would not seek a single creativity score. Testers would consider patterns of scores in different domains and interpret them for comparative strengths and ...