Once a dialogue strategy has been learned for a particular set of conditions, we need to know how well it will perform when deployed in different conditions to those it was specifically trained for, i.e. how robust it is in transfer to different conditions. We first present novel learning results for different ASR noise models combined with different user simulations. We then show that policies...

Decision making typically requires judgements about causal relations: we need to know both the causal e¤ects of our actions and the causal relevance of various environmental factors. Judgements about the nature and strength of causal relations often di¤er, even among experts. How to handle such diversity is the topic of this paper. First we consider the possibility of aggregating causal judgeme...

Empirical intra-industry trade has a history that began in the mid-1960s. As with most empirical exercises, it has been wrought with criticism and defenses that have molded the work that is done on intra-industry trade today. This paper brings together the various measures and econometric studies on intra-industry trade. A complete review of the literature is beyond the scope of this paper, but...

Keith Moore is a Freelance Scientist, WoundSci, PO Box 32, Usk, Monmouthshire, NP15 1YU Knowledge of wound healing cell biology is increasingly used to develop new wound management products and support their marketing. Understanding of the science supporting these products is required by practitioners to critically evaluate product claims and make rational decisions in selecting appropriate dre...

Mexican customs and practices often influence the rules we must apply in our professional activities, but quite often those customs and practices are far from reality or Mexico laws. The professional life of a developer of computer programs (software), data and information bases has many challenges to overcome, one of which is to remain within the ethics of "ought" and to apply the principle "r...

In order to attract more young people into engineering and ensure that they are well equipped to meet future professional challenges we need to know how successful engineers think and act when faced with challenging problems. Using a mixed methods approach this study investigated the habits of mind that engineers use most frequently when engaged in the core activity of “making” things or “makin...

I have looked through your archives but have not found an answer to my question. I was diagnosed and treated for chlamydia about a month and a half ago. Do I need to get rid of any sex toys I have? Is it possible to become reinfected by using a sex toy that you used while you were infected if you wash it before using it? Please help me find the answer to my question. I really need to know ASAP!...

I have looked through your archives but have not found an answer to my question. I was diagnosed and treated for chlamydia about a month and a half ago. Do I need to get rid of any sex toys I have? Is it possible to become reinfected by using a sex toy that you used while you were infected if you wash it before using it? Please help me find the answer to my question. I really need to know ASAP!...

Find the secret to improve the quality of life by reading this mathematical theory of reliability of time dependent systems with practical applications. This is a kind of book that you need now. Besides, it can be your favorite book to read after having this book. Do you ask why? Well, this is a book that has different characteristic with others. You may not need to know who the author is, how ...

The goal of finding and characterizing habitable planets in other solar systems represents one of humanity’s greatest scientific challenges. NASA and ESA have initiated studies of missions that could accomplish this goal within the next ten years. What precursor knowledge do we need before we can initiate such a mission? How large should the first steps be in a program whose ultimate aim is to ...