Recent media attention has focused on the low ranking of Ireland in a major international study on literacy. In this paper we examine the dataset used in these studies to consider the reason behind the low ranking. We find significant evidence that the underlying reason for this is the low level of formal schooling of older individuals, possibly due to the lack of free secondary schooling. More...

This paper describes how the prototype system ForMAT (Force Management and Analysis Tool) combines CBR and knowledge acquisition/engineering techniques to acquire knowledge of how military forces are deployed; and to support the creation, development, management, reuse, and modification of force deployment plans. Modification challenges are identified.

Finding the genes that exist within a DNA sequence and assigning them biological features and functions is one of the biggest challenges of Genomics. This task, called annotation, has to be as accurate and reliable as possible, because this information will be applied in other researches. Ideally, each sequence should be annotated and validated by a human expert, who has the knowledge to infer ...

Although explicit and implicit knowledge of language learners are essential to theoretical and pedagogical debates in second language acquisition (SLA), little research has addressed the effects of instructional interventions on the two knowledge types (R. Ellis, 2005).This study examined the relative effectiveness of explicit and implicit types of form-focused instruction (FFI) on the acquisit...

Learning can be defined with the following general situation: we have a system – the learner – that has (wishes) to perform a certain task. At the beginning the performance is poor. With practice, by imitating the teacher or by trial and error, the performance gradually becomes better. “Better” may mean faster, more accurate, cheaper etc., depending on the task. Practising, imitating the teache...

There is ample evidence that human understanding of ordinary language relies in part on a rich capacity for imagistic mental modeling. We argue that genuine language understanding in machines will similarly require an imagistic modeling capacity enabling fast construction of instances of prototypical physical situations and events, whose participants are drawn from a wide variety of entity type...

In this paper, the authors replicated previous work demonstrating that animating mechanical systems leads to more efficient knowledge acquisition and extended it by applying the same processes to human systems. Based on these data, it appears that using static images, rather than animated human relationships within a team structure, better supports learning of procedural and conceptual knowledg...

This article briefly discusses knowledge translation and lists the problems associated with it. Then it uses knowledge-management literature to develop and propose a knowledge-value chain framework in order to provide an integrated conceptual model of knowledge management and application in public health organizations. The knowledge-value chain is a non-linear concept and is based on the manage...