Behavioral and neuroimaging studies have provided evidence that reading is strongly left lateralized, and the degree of this pattern of functional lateralization can be indicative of reading competence. However, it remains unclear whether functional lateralization differs between the first (L1) and second (L2) languages in bilingual L2 readers. This question is particularly important when the p...

Previous studies reported that negative stimuli induced less affect in bilinguals when stimuli were presented in bilinguals' second, weaker language (L2) than when they were presented in their native language (L1). This effect of L2 use was attributed to increased emotional distance as well as to increased levels of cognitive control during L2 use. Here we investigated how explicit (cognitive r...

BACKGROUND Virus-like Particles (VLPs) display can be used to increase the immunogenicity of heterologous antigens. Here, we report the use of a bacteriophage MS2-based VLP display platform to develop a monovalent vaccine targeting a broadly neutralizing epitope in the minor capsid protein human papillomavirus (HPV) that provides broad protection from diverse HPV types in a mouse pseudovirus in...

Lee, Junkyu. 2013. Grammatical category and L2 lexical representation. Linguistic Research 30(1), 19-32. Despite a wide range of L2 vocabulary research to date, relatively little attention is paid to a fundamental inquiry such as L2 lexical representation. Provided that the changes in L2 learners’ behavioral patterns are correlated with those in the internal mechanism, an investigation into the...

Cognates are defined as words similar in form and meaning across two languages. Similarity in form may range from full orthographic overlap, as in English film – German Film, to partial overlap, as in English chapel – German Kapelle. Some pairs of cognate words developed historically from a common ancestor word, whereas others emerge when languages come into contact and loan each other words. L...

Acholeplasma species have been reported to lack a functional phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS). We show here that Acholeplasma laidlawii possesses activities of enzyme I, HPr, HPr(ser) kinase, and HPr(ser-P) phosphatase but lacks detectable activities of enzymes II of the PTS. HPr from this organism was purified, and the regulatory properties of the kinase and phosphatas...