Abstract Depression is a common psychiatric disorder that can be continuous or recurrent. It has been previously reported intestine probiotics play an essential role in the bidirectional communication of and brain. This study aims to investigate antidepressant effects kefir, probiotic supplement, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG their potentials depression-like behaviour treatment two-week four-week ...

Is a prospective trial necessary to suggest a clinical relevance? We would like to thank Dr Chamberlain for his comments on our article 1 and take this opportunity to respond to the issues he has raised. Radiological measurement of low-grade glioma (LGG) growth is a hot topic and clarification is required. Firstly, we wish to emphasize that although not validated by a prospective trial, our cal...

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the western world. In the era of precision medicine, a significant number of cancer patients can be cured with several anti-cancer therapeutic regimens. However, therapy failure may be caused by treatment side effects, such as diarrhea, especially occurring in patients with gastrointestinal or pelvic malignancies. In particular, diarrhea is one of ...

BACKGROUND Our aim was to assess the diagnostic performance of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MR imaging for differentiating high-grade gliomas (HGGs) from low-grade gliomas (LGGs). METHODS Forty-five patients with diffuse glioma (age 50.9 ± 20.4 y; 26 males, 19 females) were assessed with IVIM imaging using 13 b-values (0-1000 s/mm(2)) at 3T. The perfusion fraction (f), true diffusion c...

UNLABELLED Antibiotic use is considered among the most severe causes of disturbance to children's developing intestinal microbiota, and frequently causes adverse gastrointestinal effects ranging from mild and transient diarrhoea to life-threatening infections. Probiotics are commonly advocated to help in preventing antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal symptoms. However, it is currently unknow...

Background&Aims: Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) are among the most common nosocomial pathogens worldwide. The intestinal tract provides a major source for transmission of these bacteria. Probiotics are living microorganisms that moderate use of them has inhibitory effect on intestinal colonization by enteric pathogens. We examined the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on inhibi...

AIM To systematically evaluate and update evidence on the efficacy and safety of probiotic supplementation for the treatment of constipation. METHODS The MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library databases were searched in May 2009 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) performed in paediatric or adult populations related to the study aim. RESULTS We included five RCTs with a total of ...

Conditioned media from the probiotic Lactobacillus GG (LGG-CM) induce heat shock protein (Hsp) expression in intestinal epithelial cells. LGG-CM induces both Hsp25 and Hsp72 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. These effects are mediated by a low-molecular-weight peptide that is acid and heat stable. DNA microarray experiments demonstrate that Hsp72 is one of the most highly upregulat...

The present study determined the ability of the Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG strain (LGG) to enhance the anticancer effects of geniposide on HSC-3 human oral squamous carcinoma cells. LGG (1.0x103 CFU/ml) on its own had no impact on human oral keratinocytes and HSC-3 cancer cells. Geniposide (25 or 50 μg/ml) had no impact on human oral keratinocytes, but exerted growth inhibitory effects on HSC-3...