An 86-year-old woman was admitted to the intensive care unit with a chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) and rapid onset of worsening neurological symptoms. She was taken to the operating room for a mini-craniotomy for evacuation of the CSDH including excision of the dura and CSDH membrane. Postoperatively, a subdural evacuation port system (SEPS) was integrated into the craniotomy site and left in...

Repair of the dura after cranial neurosurgery can present a technical challenge and, for certain neurosurgical procedures, is critical to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leak and associated wound complications. Multiple options exist for dural repair, including the patient's own tissues, bovine collagen-derived commercially available grafts, as well as newer, entirely synthetic graft materials. Thi...

A 67-year-old woman sensed a slowly growing, painless hard mass in the left parietal region. Cranial computed tomography showed focal bony erosion and homogeneous sclerotic change at the affected site. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed an enhanced subcutaneous mass and irregularly thickened dura mater. Intraoperatively, the subcutaneous tumor was found to be strongly adhered to the tempo...

Coverings of the brain As introduced in the 2nd lecture, the brain is covered by three layers namely: dura mater, arachnoid, pia matter. The dura mater is of significance due to the venous sinuses and is the toughest layer/s (two layers in fact) – and its upper layer is directly attached to the periosteum. The blood vessels travel between the arachnoid and pia mater. The arachnoid and pia mater...

A method for constructing a simple, durable injection-microelectrode (injectrode) is described. The injectrode can record neuronal activity, stimulate neuronal tissues, or inject substances locally through its tip. The injectrode is lightweight and is easy to construct from commercially available parts, and it can be used repeatedly for multiple recordings and injections. Since dura penetration...

Twelve introgressed oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) progenies of Nigerian dura x Deli dura were evaluated for bunch yield, yield attributes, bunch quality components and vegetative characters at the Malaysian Palm Oil Board Research Station, in Keratong, Pahang, Malaysia. Analysis of variance revealed significant to highly significant genotypic differences, indicating sufficient genetic variabilit...

We developed a novel design of an electrode-pipette combination (EPC) which allows access to brain structures in awake behaving primates without the need for guide tubes or to mechanically open the dura prior to electrode insertion. The EPC consists of an etched tungsten in glass electrode flanked by two pipettes which allow for local and highly controlled iontophoretic administration of neuroa...

was serious. It was an incised wound measuring about 4^ inches in length, which had chipped the bone and caused damage to the brain. On examination of this wound three pieces of bone and about one drachm in weight of brain matter were found at its bottom. The cut was a slanting one. No wound of the dura mater, whence the brain matter might have escaped, could be detected. Owing to the sloping n...