An important government activity of all nation states is building and maintaining a land administration system (LAS) with the primary objective of supporting an efficient and effective land market. This includes cadastral surveys to identify and subdivide land, land registry systems to support simple land trading (buying, selling, mortgaging and leasing land) and land information systems to fac...

The purpose of this community service is to foster harmony by forming a 'Religious Harmony Awareness Village'. method used in program refers the Joint Ministerial Regulations Number 8 and 9 2006, namely (1) providing social assistance socializing worship regulations; (2) forum for communication interfaith leaders; (3) socialization understanding implementation PBM among communities; (4) certify...

Renovation works to buildings are often not carried out or there shifts in time, which causes degradation of the building. The article presents an analysis consequences abandoning renovation works. aim this is present a method preliminarily planning renovations MRUB (Managing Un-renovated Buildings). This decision-making support based on case omission renovations. may lead threat stability buil...

Renovation usually increases the aesthetic and market value of buildings. Consequently, with rapid growth city's population skyrocketing demand for decent housing, current trend building conversion renovation existing dilapidated property stock within city centres has become rampant. The rise in pushed beyond boundaries that every real estate investor wants to maximize profit, it resulted preva...

New Zealand has a legal 3D cadastre, and has done since the inception of its cadastral survey and tenure systems around 150 years ago. However, the digital representation of the cadastre is 2D with 3D situations handled via static plan, section and elevation images and supporting textual information. Work is currently underway to develop a 3D digital cadastre that will enable the 3D spatial ext...

We present our preliminary work in developing augmented reality systems to improve methods for the construction, inspection, and renovation of architectural structures. Augmented reality systems add virtual computer-generated material to the surrounding physical world. Our augmented reality systems use see-through headworn displays to overlay graphics and sounds on a person’s naturally occurrin...

Phytoplankton inhabiting oligotrophic ocean gyres actively reduce their phosphorus demand by replacing polar membrane phospholipids with those lacking phosphorus. Although the synthesis of nonphosphorus lipids is well documented in some heterotrophic bacterial lineages, phosphorus-free lipid synthesis in oligotrophic marine chemoheterotrophs has not been directly demonstrated, implying they are...