Background Endemic goiter is present in most parts of Iran. Iron deficiency adversely affects the physiology of thyroid. The initial steps of thyroid hormone synthesis are catalyzed by thyroperoxidases and are dependent on iron. In many developing countries, children are at high risk of both goiter and iron deficiency anemia. In addition, iron deficiency may alter central nervous system contro...

Abstract Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) is a severe condition with high morbidity rate, described as the narrowing of upper airway diameter. The etiology acquired LTS dominated by prolonged tracheal intubation. diagnosis based on endoscopic examination and computed tomography scan imaging providing an exact analysis lesion, precise measurements. We report descriptive retrospective review medica...

A normal thyroid gland is difficult to distinguish from the surrounding tissues. Its enlargement, referred as goiter, most often found in newborn kids, less adult animals. Feeding errors, such incorrect iodine content ration or presence of goitrogens, may contribute its formation. The occurrence goiter also have a genetic basis. Mutation within TG gene leads abnormal synthesis thyroglobulin – p...

Goiter is a swelling or an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland. This gland causes lump in front region neck. Usually goiter harmless. But certain cases, it can cause some symptoms depending upon size and location enlargement. The butterfly shaped situated just below Adam’s apple It about 2 inches long. secretes hormones T3 T4. These regulate our metabolism way body uses energy. They also ...

AIM The aim of this study was to describe the demographic characteristics and disease patterns among patients with thyroid nodular abnormalities (goiter) and benign tumors of the thyroid gland in Albania, a transitional country in South Eastern Europe. METHODS Our study included all patients diagnosed with goiter and/or benign tumors of the thyroid gland who were hospitalized at the Universit...

BACKGROUND Despite long-standing iodine supplementation in Iran, the prevalence of goiter remains high in some areas. This suggests other nutritional deficiencies may be considered as responsible factors for goiter persistence. In the present study we investigated the possible role of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and low vitamin A status in the etiology of endemic goiter in Semirom, Iran. MATER...

HYPOTHESES Goiter is a surgically reversible cause of positional dyspnea (PD). Substernal tracheal compression (TC) predicts PD relief after thyroidectomy (Tx). DESIGN Retrospective analysis of a prospective structured management algorithm. SETTING Endocrine surgery academic center. METHODS Before Tx, 1081 patients were queried about PD. Those patients with substernal goiter underwent com...

CONTEXT We studied two families from Galicia (northwest Spain) with Pendred syndrome (PS) and unusual thyroid phenotypes. In family A, the proposita had a large goiter and hypothyroxinemia but normal TSH and free T3 (FT3). In family B, some affected members showed deafness but not goiter. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to identify the mutations causing PS and molecular mechanisms underlying the ...

To set the foundation for developing a centre for airway reconstruction, we performed a retrospective database review of patients operated at a tertiary-care university hospital. Over the past 3-year period from 2004 onwards, five paediatric cases of airway reconstruction procedures were performed. All cases had a two stages laryngotracheal reconstruction (TSLTR) for laryngotracheal stenosis (L...

BACKGROUND Retrosternal goiter is defined as a thyroid mass of which more than 50% is located below the thoracic inlet. The aim of this study is to assess the retrosternal goiter surgically approach through a neck incision and analyze the surgical technique. CASE PRESENTATION The case reported by us used a single neck collar-shaped incision for huge retrosternal goiter with good outcome. The ...