Iron pill inhalation represents a uncommon cause of syntomatic endobronchial foreign bodies. Unlike foreign body, the direct contact of iron tablet onto the bronchial mucosa results in severe bronchial damage in addition to obstruction and local irritation. Four patients with Iron Pill Inhalation Syndrome are described. All but one patient developed irreversible bronchial stenosis as late post ...

The release of Enovid in 1960, the first birth control pill, afforded U. S. women unprecedented freedom to plan childbearing and their careers. This paper uses plausibly exogenous variation in state consent laws to evaluate the causal impact of the pill on the timing of first births and extent and intensity of women’s labor-force participation. The results suggest that legal access to the pill ...

The Clinical Effectiveness Unit acknowledges the points raised by Drs Donegan1 and Mansour2 in their letter and commentary article, respectively, published in this Journal. In our initial draft of the missed pill statement, the text was more detailed and included a section on practical application of missed pill guidance in each week of the pill pack. In producing a statement there is a balance...

In the late 1950's the pioneering works of dedicated scientists and researchers led to the first field trials of the hormonal steroids as oral contraceptives. Continuing excellent research in many countries have established the Pill as an extremely reliable, reversible and acceptable means of birth control. Some 200 million women in the world today have relied on/or are using the Pill for famil...

Decades of research on the US gender gap in wages describes its correlates, but little is known about why women changed their career paths in the 1960s and 1970s. This paper explores the role of "the Pill" in altering women's human capital investments and its ultimate implications for life-cycle wages. Using state-by-birth-cohort variation in legal access, we show that younger access to the Pil...

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is an important predictor of long-term treatment success. Adherence can be differentiated between early adherence challenges, that are about integrating pill-taking into daily life, and long-term adherence, where patients struggle to maintain clinical connections and interrupt clinical care and medication use. In resource-limited settings, treatment interrupt...

Iron-deficiency anemia is a prevalent condition treated with iron supplementation. Iron pill-induced gastritis is an under-recognized, albeit serious potential complication of iron pill ingestion. This entity must be identified by healthcare providers who prescribe iron. We present a case of a 59-year-old male with iron deficiency anemia on ferrous sulfate tablets who underwent an upper endosco...

Histological examination of supraclavicular lymph node tissue obtained at biopsy from a 63-year-old man disclosed metastatic small-cell carcinoma. On admission and for four days subsequently, total lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.27) activity in serum was 6.5 times normal; studies of LD isoenzyme showed persistently increased LD-1, with LD-1 greater than LD-2. Isoenzyme electrophoresis of t...

Storage of fatty acids as triacylglycerol (TAG) occurs in almost all mammalian tissues. Whereas adipose tissue is by far the largest storage site of fatty acids as TAG, subcellular TAG-containing structures--referred to as lipid droplets (LD)--are also present in other tissues. Until recently, LD were considered inert storage sites of energy dense fats. Nowadays, however, LD are increasingly co...

Then, using all of these tags were used to calculate intrachromosomal LD within each panel. Analysis was done using an EM algorithm based on code from Goncalo Abecasis. Marker pairs with r2 0.6 were stored for further analysis. As shown in Table 2, the number of distinct pairs of SNPs with r2 0.6 and 0.8 are shown. The numbers are shown for the original tag set. Additionally, to facilitate cros...