BACKGROUND Human ageing is a process characterized by loss of muscle mass, strength, and bone mass. We aimed to examine the efficacy of low-dose creatine supplementation associated with resistance training on lean mass, strength, and bone mass in the elderly. METHODS This was a 12-week, parallel-group, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The individuals were randomly allocated...

BACKGROUND Studies of the effect of childhood obesity on bone accrual during growth have yielded conflicting results, largely related to the failure to adequately characterize the confounding effects of growth, maturation, and body composition. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the effect of childhood obesity on skeletal mass and dimensions relative to height, body compos...

Fasting concentrations, clearance of exogenous infused amino acids, and lean body mass were studied in a patient with glucagonoma syndrome (fasting glucagon = 380 pmol/l, normal range 15-45 pmol). The fasting concentrations of all amino acids were reduced. The clearances of alanine, arginine, glycine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, proline, serine, threonine, and tyrosine were increas...

OBJECTIVE Intrauterine exposure to high maternal glucose is associated with excess weight gain during childhood, but it is not clear whether the excess weight represents increased fat or lean mass. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between maternal glucose concentrations during pregnancy and offspring body composition. A secondary goal was to examine whether the associat...

OBJECTIVE To examine body composition in individuals with early AD and without dementia and its relation to cognition and brain volume. DESIGN Cross-sectional case-control study. PARTICIPANTS Individuals without dementia (Clinical Dementia Rating, 0; n = 70) and with early-stage AD (Clinical Dementia Rating, 0.5 or 1; n = 70) in the Alzheimer and Memory Program at the University of Kansas S...

BACKGROUND Foot disorders are common in older adults and associated with impaired lower extremity function. Reduced muscle mass may play a role in the etiology of foot disorders and consequent poor function. METHODS We examined the association of leg lean mass with foot pain, posture and function among 1,795 individuals (mean age 67 years) from the population-based Framingham Foot Study (2002...

It is controversial whether weight loss reduces resting energy expenditure (REE) to a different magnitude in black and white women. This aim of this study was to determine whether changes in REE with weight loss were different between black and white postmenopausal women, and whether changes in body composition (including regional lean and fat mass) were associated with REE changes within each ...

Baxter-Jones AD, Eisenmann JC, Mirwald RL, Faulkner RA, Bailey DA. The influence of physical activity on lean mass accrual during adolescence: a longitudinal analysis. J Appl Physiol 105: 734–741, 2008. First published May 8, 2008; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00869.2007.—During childhood, physical activity is likely the most important modifiable factor for the development of lean mass. However, th...

The contributions of genetic and environmental factors to the association among bone mineral density (BMD), lean mass, and fat mass were assessed in the Sydney Twin Study of Osteoporosis (Australia), 1995-1996, in 57 monozygotic and 55 dizygotic female twin pairs of Caucasian background, aged 52.8 (standard deviation, 13) years. In multiple regression analysis, lean mass was a significant deter...

MEYER, J. H. AND W. A. HARGUS. Factors in@~t~~~ing food intake of rats fed low-fir&n rations. Am. J. Physiol. I g7(6) : I 350135** I g5g.-Rats fed low-protein rations increased food intake, weight gain and gain in lean body mass when forced to expend energy by low environmental temperature or exercise (swimming). Rats fed low-protein rations with a higher proportion of fat in their weight gain ...