introduction: children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have problem in sustain attention that is necessary for learning. the purpose of present study is comparing explicit and implicit memory in children with attention deficit disorder and typically developing children. material and methods: in present cross sectional study, fifteen children with attention deficit disorder compare...

In multiple-cue learning (also known as probabilistic category learning) people acquire information about cue-outcome relations and combine these into predictions or judgments. Previous studies claim that people can achieve high levels of performance without explicit knowledge of the task structure or insight into their own judgment policies. It has also been argued that people use a variety of...

Introduction: Education and training in surgery is in the middle ofapprenticeship style of learning especially in operating room with littleimportance of understanding on how trainees learn.Methods: This training is one of the most difficult types of training. Medicaltraining and expertise are the specialty of this education system. We can name these complex fields as “Operational Strategies”. ...

From a learning perspective, the mutation scheme in differential evolution (DE) can be regarded as a learning strategy. When mutating, three random individuals are selected and placed in a random order. This strategy, however, probably suffers some drawbacks which can slow down the convergence rate. To improve the efficiency of classic DE, this paper proposes a differential evolution based on i...