Introduction: Legionella is a gram-negative bacterium that replicates intracellularly within macrophages. utilizes effector proteins to hijack ER-Golgi vesicle trafficking sustain proliferation in its intracellular niche. has considerable influence on O-glycosylation but not N-glycosylation events the Golgi of infected cells. This research aims optimize use fluorescent lectins, which are bind c...

A fast and efficient method based on a polyethylene glycol (PEG) 600/(NH₄)₂SO₄ aqueous two-phase system for extracting lectin from Zihua snap-bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds was established. According to a Box-Behnken design (BBD), involving four factors at three levels each subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and response surface analysis, the protein recovery and the purification factor...

The three crystal structures reported here provide details of the interactions of mannose and the mannosyl-α-1,3-mannose component of a pentamannose with banana lectin and evidence for the binding of glucosyl-α-1,2-glucose to the lectin. The known structures involving the lectin include a complex with glucosyl-β-1,3-glucose. Modeling studies on the three disaccharide complexes with the reducing...

mannose-binding lectin (mbl) is a ca⁺² -dependent collagenous lectin, that is produced by liver and mediates innate immune responses by opsonization of pathogens. the serum level of mbl varies widely among healthy individuals, ranging from 0.05 µg/ml (or lower) to over 5 µg/ml, mainly depending on genetic variation. this study has examined promoter and exon 1 of mbl2 genotype among 117 iranian ...

Galectins, a family of beta-galactoside-specific endogenous lectins, are involved in regulating diverse activities such as proliferation/apoptosis, cell-cell (matrix) interaction and cell migration. It is presently unclear to what extent the carbohydrate fine specificities of the combining sites of mammalian galectins overlap. To address this issue, we performed an analysis of the carbohydrate-...

We previously introduced random mutations in the sugar-binding loops of a leguminous lectin and screened the resulting mutated lectins for novel specificities using cell surface display. Screening of a mutated peanut agglutinin (PNA), revealed a mutated PNA with a distinct preference for heparin. Glycan microarray analyses using the mutated lectin fused to the Fc region of human immunoglobulin,...

BACKGROUND O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of proteins mediates stress response and cellular motility in animal cells. The plant lectin concanavalin A can increase nuclear O-GlcNAc levels and decrease cytoplasmic O-GlcNAc levels in T lymphocytes. However, the functions of O-GlcNAc signaling in plants, as well as the relation between plant lectins and O-GlcNAc in respon...

This article reviews lectins of animal and plant origin that induce apoptosis and autophagy of cancer cells and hence possess the potential of being developed into anticancer drugs. Apoptosis-inducing lectins encompass galectins, C-type lectins, annexins, Haliotis discus discus lectin, Polygonatum odoratum lectin, mistletoe lectin, and concanavalin A, fucose-binding Dicentrarchus labrax lectin,...

Abstract LipoPolySaccharides are a hallmark of Gram-negative bacteria and their presence at the cell surface is key for bacterial integrity. As exposed components, they recognized by immunity C-type lectin receptors present on Antigen Presenting Cells. Human Macrophage Galactose Lectin binds E. coli that presents specific glycan motif. Nevertheless, this high affinity interaction occurs regardl...