As atmospheric models are pushed towards non-hydrostatic resolutions, there is a growing need for new numerical discretizations that are accurate, robust and effective at these scales. In this paper we describe a new arbitrary-order staggered nodal finite-element method (SNFEM) vertical discretization motivated by flux reconstruction methods. The SNFEM formulation generalizes traditional second...

The Euler characteristic, thought of as a function that assigns a numerical value to every finite simplicial complex, is locally determined in both a combinatorial sense and a geometric sense. In this note we show that not every function that assigns a numerical value to every finite simplicial complex via a linear combination of the numbers of simplices in each dimension is locally determined ...

Castro et al. (1996) have concluded that μ Leo has three times the solar metallicity. That conclusion is based on their own work and on rezeroed values of [Fe/H] from the literature. A review of their paper reveals that there are significant omissions from their list of literature results. In addition, their procedure for establishing zero points for values of [Fe/H] is found to be fallacious. ...

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are an essential complement of the cellular radio infrastructure, especially the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), for mobile (pedestrian and, more important, vehicular) access to the Internet in sparsely populated areas, where high bandwidth UMTS cells cannot be economically deployed. LEO users would eventually switch between the satellite segm...

Notwithstanding the limited commercial success of the first narrowband Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite systems, the interest of the scientific community in this type of systems has been revived on the basis of the current trend toward the migration to all IP-based services. LEO systems can play a pivotal role in providing services to areas where there is no substantial terrestrial infrastructur...

We have obtained spectra of three QSO/AGNs with the GHRS aboard the Hubble Space Telescope to search for absorption from low column density gas in the halo of the dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy Leo I. The probe sightlines pass 2.1, 3.7, and 8.1 kpc from the center of the galaxy, but no C IV, Si II, or Si IV absorption is found at the velocity of Leo I. The absence of low ionization species sugg...

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems allow a broad range of services to be provided using small, lightweight, cellular-like portable telephones. Exploiting LEO satellites to support distress signals for aircrafts, ships and international travelers is explored in the current paper. A multi-service priority-oriented algorithm is proposed for handling voice, data and emergency signals over LEO ...

14-3-3 proteins have been shown to interact with Raf-1 and cause its activation when overexpressed. However, their precise role in Raf-1 activation is still enigmatic, as they are ubiquitously present in cells and found to associate with Raf-1 in vivo regardless of its activation state. We have analyzed the function of the Drosophila 14-3-3 gene leonardo (leo) in the Torso (Tor) receptor tyrosi...

Among satellite systems, low earth orbit (LEO) satellite system will make an important role in new fiture communication services, because of its less propagation delay, less power consumption in the user terminal and the satellites, and efficient spectrum utilization using smaller coverage area for each satellite than geostationa y (GEO) counterpart. However, a number of mobility problems that ...