in this study morphological characterization of leukocyte and erythrocyte were investigated in central asian tortoise (testudo horsfieldii) in iran. 7 males and 7 females were used in this study. erythrocyte and leukocyte morphology were described using wright´s technique. the sizes of erythrocyte and their nuclei were measured using an ocular micrometer under objective lenses (100x). results o...

background: the study aimed to examine the association between human leukocyte antigen (hla) class ii allele frequencies and breast cancer in iranian women. methods: a total of 100 patients with pathologically proven breast cancer who referred to cancer institute were randomly selected and compared with a group of age matched healthy blood donors (n = 80). hla class ii alleles were determined b...

conclusions respiratory distress is more common in eos whereas jaundice, fever and seizure are more likely to be observed in los infants. considering the results, clinical manifestations should be regarded as an important part of early diagnosis of sepsis. objectives the aim of this study was to evaluate, record and rank the clinical manifestations and lab data of neonates with clinical sepsis....

background: previous researches about the effect of smoking on semen quality are contradictory, and the mechanism behind the harmful effect of smoking on semen quality still remains unclear until today. objective: the objectives of this study are evaluation of the relationship between smoking and fertility, investigation of the effects of cigarette smoking on sperm parameters and detection of p...

the hallmarks of leukocyte adhesion deficiency (lad) are defects in the leukocyte adhesion process, marked leukocytosis and recurrent infections. these molecular and clinical manifestations result from an impaired step in the inflammatory process, namely, the emigration of leukocytes from the blood vessels to sites of infection, which requires adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium. over las...

Background and Objectives: The incidence of rifampin-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has attracted more attention than the tuberculosis infection due to laborious treatment and control. Recognizing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypes involving in drug resistance via multiplex PCR, a simple and rapid genotyping method, is an emergency for better tre...

Vav proteins are guanine-nucleotide exchange factors implicated in leukocyte functions by relaying signals from immune response receptors and integrins to Rho-GTPases. We here provide first evidence for a role of Vav3 for beta(2)-integrins-mediated macrophage functions during wound healing. Vav3(-/-) and Vav1(-/-)/Vav3(-/-) mice revealed significantly delayed healing of full-thickness excisiona...

Type 2 diabetes patients (DM2) have a higher risk of tuberculosis (TB) that may be attributed to functional defects in their mononuclear phagocytes given the critical role of these cells in Mycobacterium tuberculosis containment. Our previous findings suggest that monocytes from DM2 have reduced association with serum-opsonized M. tuberculosis. To determine if this alteration is due to defects ...

We have recently shown that mice with a targeted disruption of CCR2, the receptor for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, have markedly impaired recruitment of macrophages to sites of inflammation. An unexpected finding in the CCR2(-/-) mice was a dramatic decrease in the production of IFN-gamma after challenge with purified protein derivative of Mycobacterium bovis. In this study, we have inve...

The ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to grow in macrophages is critical to the virulence of this important pathogen. One way M. tuberculosis is thought to maintain a hospitable niche in macrophages is by arresting the normal process of phagosomes maturing into acidified phagolysosomes. The process of phagosome maturation arrest by M. tuberculosis is not fully understood, and there has rema...