Costa Rican authorities have finished a national adaptation of the goals of the Hemisphere's Ten-Year Health Plan for the Americas and have formulated a National Health Plan for 1974-1980. This work was coordinated by the Health Sector Planning Unit and was assisted by various multidisciplinary and multi-institutional working groups. The methodology set forth in this article was developed by a ...

Abstract This paper discusses known mathematical equalities and inequalities found within life tables proceeds to identify two new inequalities. The first (theorem 1) is that at any given age x, the sum of mean years lived remaining exceeds expectancy birth when greater than zero less maximum lifespan. second inequality 2) applies entire population shows birth. Illustrations are provided as wel...

The paper considers the impact of healthcare systems and how they are financed on the life expectancies (LEs) of women and men in 19 OECD countries during the period 1990-2005 using OECD Health Data 2009. There is a gap in life expectancy (LE) between men and women, with women living longer than men, and most studies point to socio-economic variables and lifestyle and health-related behaviors. ...

introduction: individuals and families' accessible incomes increase as a result of economic development and income inequality reduction. this in turn leads to health promotion in the community. so, this study mainly aimed to survey the effects of unequal income distribution on health in selected members of organization of islamic countries (oic). methods: this descriptive-analytic study collect...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To study differences in total life expectancy and in occupationally active life expectancy in relation to social class and marital status in men classified as healthy as young adults. DESIGN Historical cohort study. SETTING Finland. PARTICIPANTS Altogether 1662 men classified as completely healthy at the time of induction to military service (mean birth year 1923), who had...

BACKGROUND While Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic have seen impressive gains in life expectancy in the 1990s, Romania has not. In contrast with the other countries, there has been very little research on the causes of the pattern of mortality seen in Romania. OBJECTIVES To describe the trends in life expectancy at birth in Romania after the political transition in 1989 and to evaluate ...

BACKGROUND Kiribati is an atoll country of 103,058 (2010 Census) situated in the central Pacific. Previous mortality estimates have been derived from demographic analyses of census data. This is the first mortality analysis based on reported deaths. METHODS Recorded deaths were from the Ministry of Health and the Civil Registration Office for 2000-2009; populations were from the 2000, 2005, a...

Life expectancy data by race and gender for Arkansas show whites having longer average life expectancies at birth than blacks. Racial differences in life expectancy have been found to be due to higher mortality rates for blacks due to their tendency to fall into high-risk groups. Cause-specific mortality rates by race and gender for Arkansans 25 years and older were calculated for the ten leadi...

www.thelancet.com Published online February 21, 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30314-8 1 Forecasting life expectancy by age and sex is broadly used for research and planning of health sevices, social services, pensions, and economics, and has been developed at the national and multicountry levels. The basic idea for predicting life expectancy is closely related to the concept of e...

(WHO) annually reports infant mortality rates (IMR), child mortality rates, adult mortality rates, average life expectancies, and healthy life expectan-cies for all 191 member states. 1 2 IMR correlates highly with HALE across these 191 member states in 2000 (r=0.93). Reidpath and Allotey argue that IMR is an acceptable proxy measure of population health because of this high correlation. 3 Insp...