Introduction. Previous cataract surgery studies assumed that first-eye predicted and observed postoperative refractions are equally important for predicting second-eye postoperative refraction. Methods. In a retrospective analysis of 173 patients having bilateral sequential phacoemulsification, multivariable linear regression was used to predict the second-eye postoperative refraction based on ...

Domestic chicks reared under continuous light developed light-induced avian glaucoma (LIAG), including eye enlargement and flat cornea. Chicks reared under dim light developed dim light buphthalmos (DLB), a somewhat similar eye enlargement, superimposed on the LIAG effect when, as in one subgroup of the present experiments, the dim light was also continuous. Unilateral lid suture elicited exper...

Two parallel lenslet arrays with focal lengths f1 and f2 that share a common focal plane (that is, which are separated by a distance f1 + f2) can refract transmitted light rays according to Snell’s law, but with the ‘sin’s replaced with ‘tan’s. This is the case for a limited range of input angles and other conditions. Such confocal lenslet arrays can therefore simulate the interface between opt...

The mystery of the Moon illusion keeps pending, even if many physical and physiological explanations have been extensively attempted over thousands of years. Here I propose that the illusion may be related with the Earth’s atmospheric unusual optical effect. The Earth sphere shell atmosphere may form a convex lens to refract ray of light, this leads to that the ray of light emitted (reflected) ...

A new type of photoreceptor for the phylum Arthropoda, found in the class Collembola (Arthropoda, Hexapoda) is reported. This new light-sensitive structure consists of a pair of interocular vesicles present in the genus Vesicephalus Richards, 1964 and is anatomically related to the cluster of ommatidia. The absence of a lens, the presence of a rabdome in the upper part of the vesicle and the re...

Abnormal velocities in passive structures such as one-dimensional (1-D) photonic crystals and a slab having a negative index of refraction are discussed. In the case of 1-D photonic crystal, the frequencyand time-domain experiments for waves tuned to the bandgap of the photonic crystal demonstrate a positive group velocity exceeding the speed of light in vacuum (superluminal). In the case of a ...