This report describes the basic structural and biosynthetic features of Mo5, a novel plasma membrane differentiation antigen (Ag) of the human myeloid lineage. As defined by the binding of antiMo5 monoclonal antibody (mAb), this Ag is expressed by virtually all myeloperoxidase-positive myeloid precursors beyond the CFU-GM in human bone marrow and is retained by circulating monocytes and polymor...

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) consists of various subtypes that respond differently to cytotoxic drugs and therefore have a markedly different clinical outcome. We used microarrays to investigate, in 190 children with ALL at initial diagnosis, whether 70 key apoptosis genes were differentially expressed between leukemic subgroups defined by lineage, genetic subtype, in vitro drug...

We present a method, LineageProgram, that uses the developmental lineage relationship of observed gene expression measurements to improve the learning of developmentally relevant cellular states and expression programs. We find that incorporating lineage information allows us to significantly improve both the predictive power and interpretability of expression programs that are derived from exp...

Most Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections that are associated with severe sequelae such as hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) are caused by attaching and effacing pathogens that carry the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE). However, a proportion of STEC isolates that do not carry LEE have been associated with HUS. To clarify the emergence of LEE-negative STEC, we compared the...

Reassortment, which is the exchange of genome sequence between viruses co-infecting a host cell, plays an important role in the evolution of segmented viruses. In the human influenza virus, reassortment happens most frequently between co-existing variants within the same lineage. This process breaks genetic linkage and fitness correlations between viral genome segments, but the resulting net ef...

During mammalian pre-implantation embryo development, when the first asymmetry emerges and how it develops to direct distinct cell fates remain longstanding questions. Here, by analyzing single-blastomere transcriptome data from mouse and human pre-implantation embryos, we revealed that the initial blastomere-to-blastomere biases emerge as early as the first embryonic cleavage division, followi...

Laboratory evolution experiments have led to important findings relating organism adaptation and genomic evolution. However, continuous monitoring of long-term evolution has been lacking for natural systems, limiting our understanding of these processes in situ. Here we characterize the evolutionary dynamics of a lineage of a clinically important opportunistic bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas ae...

TCRb, d and c chain genes are assembled and expressed in double-negative thymocytes prior to ab or cd T cell lineage commitment. Thus, cells committed to the ab T cell lineage can possess completely assembled TCRd and/or TCRc chain genes. However, these genes are not expressed. TCRc chain gene expression may be silenced through the activity of a cis-acting silencer element. In the TCRa/d locus,...

Background The piwi family genes are highly conserved during evolution and play a crucial role in stem cell self-renewal, gametogenesis, and RNA interference in diverse organisms ranging from Arabidopsis to humans. Piwil2, also known as Hili, is one of the four human homologues of piwi. Piwil2 was found in germ cells of adult testis, suggesting that this gene functions in spermatogonial stem ce...

The single most commonly used marker to identify B-cell lymphomas is CD20. Certain types of B-lineage lymphomas are characteristically negative for CD20, however. These include plasmablastic lymphoma, HHV8+ primary effusion lymphoma (and its extracavitary or solid variant), B lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia and ALK+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. On encountering one of these high grade lymphoma...