Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), one of the techniques for electrochemical analysis, has been used a wide range applications especially chemical- and bio-sensing. Besides, EIS is few that proven useful membrane fouling detection. Electrodes are some most essential components analytes detection with EIS. With advances in printing technology, fabrication advanced printed electrode sy...

Highly selective and sensitive phosphate sensors have been fabricated by constructing a solid membrane disk consisting of variable mixtures of aluminium powder (Al), aluminium phosphate (AlPO4) and powdered copper (Cu). Both binary and ternary electrode systems are produced. The ternary membranes exhibit greater selectivity over a wide range of concentrations. The ternary electrode with the com...

In this manuscript, the electrocatalytic oxidation of doxepin (DOX) was studied at a carbon ionic liquid electrode, fabricated using graphite, and the ionic liquid 1-octylpyridinium hexaflourophosphate (OPFP). The surface of the proposed electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Differential pulse voltammetry was applied as an analytical technique for quantification of sub-mi...

In nearly all cases, electrophoresis in gels is driven via the electrolysis of water at the electrodes, where the process consumes water and produces electrochemical by-products. We have previously demonstrated that π-conjugated polymers such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) can be placed between traditional metal electrodes and an electrolyte to mitigate electrolysis in liquid (capi...

Fabrication of metallic nanopillar array structures and their application as electrodes in electrochemical-based biosensors are discussed in this report. Vertically standing nanopillar array structures were fabricated using an electrodeposition technique and their electrochemical characteristics were evaluated. For possible use in biosensing applications, these standing nanopillars should have ...

We present electrochemical microactuators which have all the electrodes necessary for the actuation -the working, counter, and reference electrodes -onchip. This is a first step towards an all-polymer system, i.e. a system that does not require a liquid electrolyte. The microactuators' performance was as good as when standard, off-chip counter and reference electrodes were used. Specifically, t...

Choline oxidase (ChOx) was chosen as a model enzyme for evaluating the performance of CNTs’ functional groups for development of enzyme electrodes. CNTs were functionalized with carboxylic acid, amine or amide groups. Carboxylic acid, amine and amide functionalized CNTs were obtained by acid treatment, ethylenediamine or tetraethylenepentamine chemically modification and ammonia plasma treatmen...