Alkyl cellosolves include ethylene glycol monomethylether, ethylene glycol monoethylether, ethylene glycol monobuthylether. And their urine metabolites are methoxyacetic acid, ethoxyacetic acid and butoxyacetic acid. The current analytical method for urinary alkoxyacetic acid is liquid-liquid phase extraction. But the liquid-liquid phase extraction method needs a more complex pre-treatment proc...

The extraction behavior of several divalent metal cations (M(2+)) in ionic liquid chelate extraction systems was investigated using several 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ionic liquids ([Rmim][Tf(2)N]) as extraction solvent and thenoyltrifluoroacetone (Htta) as extractant. The behavior was compared with that using less hydrophobic 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium hexa...

Bioanalytical method development largely depends on the experience and the preference of the developer. Mathematical models could help in selecting the proper conditions to develop a selective and robust method, using liquid chromatography, liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction and protein precipitation. This paper reviews the literature providing relevant equations and algorithms to...

Bioanalysis is sub-discipline of analytical chemistry covering the quantitative measurement of drugs and their metabolites in biological systems. Whereas Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry is a technique which is widely used for the quantification of drug from biological fluid. This article reviews the most recent advances in sample preparation, separation analysis and different type of ca...

development and optimisation of fast, efficient, quantitative, economic and environmentally friendly analytical extraction techniques for the extraction clean up, and pre-concentration in the quantification of 16 usepa priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in contaminated soils have been carried out. three different extraction methods (soxhlet, ultra sonication and mechanical shaking...

Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method (DLLME) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) was used to determine thiamine (B1), nicotinamide (B3) and pyridoxine (B6) in sour cherry juice. This method was rapid, simple and sensitive. Separation was accomplished using a C18 column. The optimum chromatographic conditions were found to be: mobile ph...

A new format of fast three-phase microextraction by combining low-density solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) and single-drop microextraction (SDME) was for the first time developed for the determination of chlorophenols in environmental water samples. The extraction procedure includes a 2 min DLLME pre-extraction and a 10 min SDME back-extraction. A portion of low-de...

The aim of this work was to establish the best experimental conditions for the isolation of flunitrazepam and its main metabolite 7-aminoflunitrazepam from human plasma. Several mixtures of solvents (ethyl acetate, tert-butylmethyl ether, hexane, chloroform/ ethyl ether (20/80), dichloromethane / ethyl ether (20/80) and extraction cartridges (Oasis MCX , SepPak C18, Chromafix C18, Oasis HLB) we...

phase inversion in liquid-liquid dispersions corresponds to the transitional boundary between oil-in-aqueous dispersion and aqueous-in-oil dispersion. a theoretical model based on simple assumptions was proposed to predict phase inversion point, ambivalence region and the hysteresis effect of inversion. experimental data from the literature were used to validate the model and results were compa...

Background and Objectives: The addition of plasticizers (mainly phthalates and adipates) makes plastic flexible and popular for packaging, storing and preserving food, water, and so on. The most widely used plasticizer in food contact applications is di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) though being suspected to have carcinogenic and estrogenic properties. The aim of this study is application of magn...