I. THE TRADITION OF ALLEGORICAL INTERPRETATION The history of parabolic interpretation can be divided into four relatively distinct periods. During the Period of the Early Church (to 540) a tendency toward allegorical interpretation was firmly established. Despite certain protests the three-fold method of allegorical interpretation championed by Origen dominated the exegesis not only of the par...

This paper presents a semiotic technique as a means of exploring meaning and understanding in interface design and use. This is examined through a study of the interaction between the ‘file’ metaphor and ‘save as’ command metaphor. The behaviour of these (from a functional or computational basis) do not exactly match, or map onto, the meaning of the metaphor. We examine both the denotation of a...

In this talk we will present work towards a semantics for metaphor which is inspired by the original situation semantics notion of meaning (Barwise and Perry 1983) as a relation between an utterance (or discourse) situation and a described situation. We will show how this view of meaning, with certain modifications, enables us to address some of the very difficult problems of providing a semant...

Stylistic paths give the colorful meaning of discourse; therefore they are usually used in literal text. One them, is irony. Irony a type stylistic technique that will be investigated this article. The purpose article to find out some its types. Moreover, literary works, including irony, illustrated.

In this study, we used a novel cognitive paradigm and event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (ER-fMRI) to investigate the neural substrates involved in processing three different types of sentences. Participants read either metaphoric (Some surgeons are butchers), literal (Some surgeons are fathers), or non-meaningful sentences (Some surgeons are shelves) and had to decide whether ...

There are two thin lines that separate descriptions of text comprehension. The first is the line between what a text says (i.e., its explicit or literal meaning) and what is inferable from the text (i.e., its implicit meaning). The second thin line is one that separates two kinds of implicit meaning processes. On one side of this line is what text researchers refer to as inferences. Although th...

The aim of this commentary is to underpin Duffley’s notion a stable mental content that corresponds the literal word meaning with computationally plausible cognitive theory. Our approach investigate what these contents could be according so-called Predictive Processing architecture. We argue recent advances in science can make at least two contributions debate. First, they provide some underpin...

Most open government data is encoded and published in structured tables found in reports, on the Web, and in spreadsheets or databases. Current approaches to generating Semantic Web representations from such data requires human input to create schemas and often results in graphs that do not follow best practices for linked data. Evidence for a table’s meaning can be found in its column headers,...

A new completeness proof that generalizes the Anderson-Bledsoe excess literal argument is developed for connection-graph resolution. This technique also provides a simpliied completeness proof for semantic resolution. Some observations about subsumption and about link deletion are also made. Link deletion is the basis for connection graphs. Subsumption plays an important role in most resolution...

When the message of a speaker goes beyond the literal or logical meaning of the sentences used, a pragmatic inference is required to understand the complete meaning of an utterance. Here we study one example of pragmatic inference, called scalar implicature. Such an inference is required when a weaker term "some" is used in a sentence like "Some of the students passed the exam" because the spea...