OBJECTIVE Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital anomaly in newborns. The aim of this longitudinal, hospital-based study was to evaluate the prevalence and pattern of CHD among Iranian newborns in Gorgan, Northern Iran. METHODS 11739 live births in Dezyani hospital in Gorgan were screened for CHD, 2007 through 2008. Clinical examination, echocardiography, color Doppler a...

INTRODUCTION Neural tube defects such as anencephaly, spina bifida, and encephalocele are congenital anomalies of the central nervous system. Data on the prevalence of neural tube defects in Kenya are limited. This study characterizes and estimates the prevalence of spina bifida and encephalocele reported in a referral hospital in Kenya from 2005-2010. METHODS Cases were defined as a diagnosi...

OBJECTIVE To explore the experiences of social consequences among women suffering from secondary infertility. METHODS Descriptive case series of 400 women with secondary infertility attending tertiary care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. RESULTS More than two thirds (67.7%) of women stated that their inability to give live births or give birth to sons had resulted in marital dissonance. The...

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE The true incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Brazil is unknown. The aim here was to identify SIDS cases in the city of Ribeirão Preto, State of São Paulo, between 2000 and 2005, in order to estimate its incidence. DESIGN AND SETTING Retrospective analysis of data on live births and infant deaths in Ribeirão Preto and from autopsies of infants performed at...

OBJECTIVES Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the major causes of preventable mental retardation in infants. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of CH in Shadegan, Khuzestan Province, Iran from 2012 to 2014 and to identify the risk factors associated with CH. METHODS A total of 203 cases were confirmed from 2012 to 2014 in Shadegan, with 66, 86, and 51 patients reported...

BACKGROUND Emergency rooms in Japan are overused by children with non-life-threatening conditions, and utilization of emergency transport for children in Japan should also be analyzed. METHODS Utilization rates of emergency transport per 1000 live births or 1000 children from 1985 to 2008 in Japan were calculated from national data of emergency transport, child population and annual live birt...

Objective: Recurrent pregnancy loss is a global issue. This study was planned in order to evaluate the effects of high dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IV Ig) in primary and secondary unexplained miscarriages in patients of recurrent pregnancy loss. Patients and Methods: Total 168 couples having history of primary or secondary recurrent pregnancy loss were included in the study. They were divid...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether a women's group intervention involving participatory learning and action has a sustainable and replicable effect on neonatal survival in rural, eastern India. METHODS From 2004 to 2011, births and neonatal deaths in 36 geographical clusters in Jharkhand and Odisha were monitored. Between 2005 and 2008, these clusters were part of a randomized controlled trial of...

000 live births occurred in the 12-month period ending with October 1997, a 1-percent decline from the 3,890,000 births reported for the same period a year earlier. The birth rate of 14.4 was 2 percent lower than the rate of 14.7 for the preceding 12-month period. The fertility rate for the most recent 12-month period was 64.5, 1 percent lower than the rate for the 12 months ending with October...