Many studies have shown that memory is enhanced when study sessions are spaced apart rather than massed. This spacing effect has been shown to have a lasting benefit to long-term memory when the study phase session follows the encoding session by 24 hours. Using a spacing paradigm we examined the impact of sleep and spacing gaps on long-term declarative memory for Swahili-English word pairs by ...

For practical reasons, little information is available about memory across very long learning-retention intervals. To determine the time course of forgetting in very long-term memory, a memory test was constructed that sampled events (former one-season television programs) that had occurred during a single year from 1 to 15 years ago. Updated versions of the test were administered each year for...

There is a conception that Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics cannot yield the long tail distribution. This is the justification for the intensive research of nonextensive entropies (i.e. Tsallis entropy and others). Here the error that caused this misconception is explained and it is shown that a long tail distribution exists in equilibrium thermodynamics for more than a century.

A model for the weighted bipartite network is proposed and the growth mechanism is based on the strength preferential attachment. By the rate equation approach, the strength distribution of the bottom nodes is provided and it has a shifted power-law tail, i.e., P (s) ∝ (s + θ)−γ , for large s. The expressions of the parameters θ and γ are also given.

This book contains a series of chapters by various authors, which describe the challenges associated with integrating community care services across professional boundaries and potential methods of addressing those challenges. The book also addresses to a limited degree integration across the health and long-term care sectors. The evidence the authors tap for their observations comes from a lar...

Our everyday surroundings besiege us with information. The battle is for a share of our limited attention and memory, with the brain selecting the winners and discarding the losers. Previous research shows that both bottom-up and top-down factors bias competition in favor of high priority stimuli. We propose that arousal during an event increases this bias both in perception and in long-term me...

THE NEW Royal Commission on long-term care is about to start hearing evidence and is expected to deliver its verdict in a year's time. After this there is likely to be considerable public and political pressure for government action, for feelings continue to run high about why some care is free and some must be paid for, and about the variations across the country in the types and quality of lo...