BACKGROUND The effectiveness of low-fat diets for long-term weight loss has been debated for decades, with many randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and recent reviews giving mixed results. We aimed to summarise the large body of evidence from RCTs to determine whether low-fat diets contribute to greater weight loss than participants' usual diet, low-carbohydrate diets, and other higher-fat diet...

Maize shows wide differences in linoleic acid due both to total lipid content and to fatty acid profile. Therefore, diets containing the same high maize percentage (up to 55%) can differ in linoleic acid content and lead to subcutaneous fats of differing suitability for raw ham curing. Two trials were performed on heavy pigs; in the first, 60 pigs (body weight 48.7+/-5.1 kg) were fed three diet...

Studies in rodents have shown that short-term increases in dietary fat result in fat cell enlargement and insulin resistance. In humans, although high-fat diets have been associated with obesity, little is known about the specific metabolic effects of these diets. In this study we explored possible associations between habitual dietary composition and insulin sensitivity. Twenty-two lean and 23...

The effect of dietary starch, fat, and cellulose on colonic proliferation was studied in female C57Bl/6J mice after 4 weeks of feeding with diets containing various levels of starch (3, 36, and 57-65%), various levels of fat (corn oil, 5 and 29%) and various levels of cellulose (2 and 10%). Cell proliferation was measured by colchicine arrest and [3H]thymidine incorporation. The following param...

Previous studies have demonstrated activation of the contact system of coagulation and an increase in factor VII coagulant activity (VIIc) when citrated plasma is incubated in the presence of micellar stearate. The products of contact activation, factors XIIa and IXa, were responsible in this system for the activation of factor VII, thereby increasing factor VIIc. To obtain evidence that these ...

High-fat diets may promote growth, partly through their protein-sparing effects. However, high-fat diets often lead to excessive fat deposition, which may have a negative impact on fish such as poor growth and suppressive immune. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of a fat-rich diet on the mechanisms of fat deposition in the liver. Three-hundred blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblyc...

Low-carbohydrate diets slow prostate cancer (PC) growth in mice, but PC-safety is questioned due to high-fat content. In this exploratory, ancillary and hypothesisgenerating study, we compared sera from PC-free men in a randomized trial of low-fat vs. low-carbohydrate diets for weight loss for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) effects and in vitro PC growth. Baseline and week-24 serum were applie...

certain individuals ingesting a low-fat diet are still prone to visceral obesity, and the reasons remain undetermined. This study aimed to investigate differentially expressed proteins of visceral adipose tissues between low-fat diet-fed obesity-resistant and obesity-prone c57Bl/6 mice through a proteomics approach and to ascertain potential mechanisms associated with these obesity-prone animal...

Twenty-four Holstein cows were used to study the effect of dietary fat on milk production and metabolic traits. Whole cottonseed and tallow were used as fat sources and substituted into the control diet on an isocaloric basis. Chopped alfalfa hay and grain sorghum silage constituted the forage in all diets. Treatments were balanced for parity, body weight, and previous lactation milk production...