Introduction: Paediatric patients deserve special attention because of the higher radiation risks compared with adults. The main purpose of this study is to determine patient dose and diagnostic reference level for Paediatric through Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) calculations in common X-ray examination and to establish Paediatric national DRLs in digital radiography in Iran. <...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to reveal the quality of published data and the effect size of DPFs compared to rigid fixation in lumbar spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA since 2002, several dynamic pedicle fixation (DPF) systems have been developed with the aim to stabilize the spine without the undesirable effects of rigid lumbar spine fixation. Nearly ten years later, there are s...

INTRODUCTION There has been a discrepancy between in vivo and in vitro experiments investigating the load carrying capacity of human lumbar spine. A follower load concept was introduced to explain this discrepancy [1]. A follower load is a compressive load applied along a path that approximates the tangent to the curve of the column. The trunk muscles are supposed to generate the follower load ...

Fusion has become the standard of care for numerous pathologic conditions of the spine over the past 50 years. Instrumented thoracolumbar fusion for adolescent and adult spinal deformity has enjoyed great success in arresting the progression of and correcting scoliotic deformity. In the cervical spine, decompression and fusion have provided a greater than 90% likelihood of relieving radicular s...

BACKGROUND Facet joints are a clinically important source of chronic cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine pain. The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the prevalence of facet joint pain by spinal region in patients with chronic spine pain referred to an interventional pain management practice. METHODS Five hundred consecutive patients with chronic, non-specific spine pain we...

STUDY DESIGN Feasibility study on the acquisition of lumbar spine kinematic data from upright magnetic resonance images obtained under heavy load carrying conditions. OBJECTIVE To characterize the effect of the load on spinal kinematics of active Marines under typical load carrying conditions from a macroscopic and lumbar-level approach in active-duty US Marines. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA ...

Lumbar disc degeneration is characterised radiologically by the presence of osteophytes, endplate sclerosis, and disc space narrowing. Our study was designed to assess anterior lumbar osteophytes, disc space narrowing, end plate sclerosis, and bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck of elderly men. A total of 1000 men, aged between 71 and 90 years, were invited to pa...

failure of antigen production is more likely to be due to genetic change associated with incomplete penetrance than to genetic loss. An alternative or additional possibility cannot, however, be excluded-that exuberant cell division causes dilution of a particulate cytoplasmic factor responsible for the formation of the antigen. Loss of organ-specific antigens could influence tumour metastasis b...

background: β-thalassemia major is a hereditary life threatening anemia which requires regular blood transfusion. clinical symptoms of the disease are growth retardation, pallor, jaundice and skeletal alternations. the variety of bone disease in thalassemia major is manifested by diffuse bone pain or deformity, spontaneous and pathologic fractures and osteopenia or osteoporosis. this study aime...