1 of 2 DESCRIPTION A 24-year-old female presented with fever and abdominal pain for 1 week. Her medical history included seizures secondary to tuberous sclerosis controlled with lamotrigine and Crohn’s disease in remission for the last 2 years treated with 6-mercaptopurine. On presentation, she was found to have pancytopenia and elevated liver enzymes. Physical examination was signifi cant for ...

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a potentially fatal condition in which abnormal activation of the immune system results in haemophagocytosis, inflammation and tissue damage. This results in a variety of signs and symptoms but most commonly fever, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, cytopenias, hyperferritinaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia. There are multiple reports of acquired HLH devel...

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a syndrome of pathologic immune activation, occurring as either a familial disorder or a sporadic condition, in association with a variety of triggers. This immune dysregulatory disorder is prominently associated with cytopenias and a unique combination of clinical signs and symptoms of extreme inflammation. Prompt initiation of immunochemotherapy is ...

To the Editor: We found interesting the article by Lupo et al. about a case of fatal measles in an immunocompetent 29-yearold woman (Fatal measles without rash in immunocompetent adult, France; http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/ eid1803.111300). Perhaps, however, the possible diagnosis of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) should also have been considered in that setting. HLH is a poten...

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) is a frequently missed and almost uniformly fatal childhood disorder. It is characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, coagulopathy, and hypertriglyceridemia. The pathogenesis of FHL is not known but the above clinical and laboratory findings are compatible with reported in vitro and in vivo effects of several inflammatory cytokines....

We report a case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) primo infection with the development of successive infectious mononucleosis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder in a patient treated with azathioprine for Crohn's disease. This case report suggests that specific EBV-related clinical and virological management should be considered when treating a patient with i...

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare inflammatory condition with tissue destruction due to abnormal immune activation. We present a series of 2 cases of cytomegalovirus-induced HLH in children during maintenance chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These cases emphasize the importance of considering secondary HLH in this high-risk subset of pediatric patients.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare hyperinflammatory syndrome, characterized clinically by fever, splenomegaly, cytopenia, and high ferritin. Infectious causes have been associated with secondary HLH, with viruses being the most common. We report a case of Mycobacterium avium complex-associated HLH in a sickle cell anemia patient. To the best of our knowledge, this association h...

Introduction This is a case report of a 15 year old girl which presented with Pyrexia of Unknown Origin. She was initially treated for possible sepsis and then received treatment for Atypical Kawasaki’s. She was subsequently investigated for Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). She was eventually diagnosed with Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (SoJIA) complicated with Macrophage Act...

A young woman presented with panniculitis, fever and blood cytopenias, later going on to develop hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Further evaluation revealed the presence of subcutaneous panniculitis like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL). With this case we present an approach to panniculitis, a commonly encountered skin manifestation with a wide range of differentials. We discuss the close similarity...