Local Alfvén wave (LAW) resonances are excited in tokamak plasmas by an externally driven electromagnetic field, with low frequency ωA =cAk|| <<ωci, where cA is the Alfvén velocity. Recently, wave driven density fluctuations at the LAW resonance m=± 1, N=±2 with few kW power deposition and 4 MHz frequency were detected in TCABR (Bt =1.1T, q0 =1.1, n0=1.4-2.0⋅10 m) using a fixed frequency (32.4G...

The continuously increasing air traffic density has become a major challenge in air traffic control (ATC) due to the current ATC systems are approaching maximum capacity. To deal with the problem, an automated conflict resolution aid (CRA) and a trajectory prediction aid (TPA) have been proposed to serve as additional safety layers in the ATC systems. However, whether the proposed automation ai...

We exploit the distributional information contained in high-frequency intraday data in constructing a simple conditional moment estimator for stochastic volatility di usions. The estimator is based on the analytical solutions of the rst two conditional moments for the integrated volatility, which is e ectively approximated by the quadratic variation of the process. We successfully implement the...

Switching between tasks that overlap in perceptual and response characteristics is assumed to rely upon the maintenance of task representations in prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, task-switching studies demonstrate ‘‘switch costs,’’ even when there is sufficient time to prepare for a new task. These costs suggest that task-switching performance reflects a complex interplay between priming and ...

In my article, Hayek, the Common Law, and Fluid Drive,1 I criticize the argument Friedrich Hayek presents for the “law of liberty” in the first volu m e of Law, Legislation and Liberty.2 I suggest that Hayek confuses customary law, which he refers to as “grow n” law , with modern common law, which he refers to as “ju d ge-m ad e” law , and writes as though these distinct types of law were ident...

Prefrontal cortex (PFC) has been implicated in the ability to switch behavioral strategies in response to changes in reward contingencies. A recent experimental study has shown that separate subpopulations of neurons in the prefrontal cortex were activated when rats switched between allocentric place strategies and egocentric response strategies in the plus maze. In this paper we propose a simp...