A pseudorandom generator Gn : {0, 1}n → {0, 1}m is hard for a propositional proof system P if (roughly speaking) P can not efficiently prove the statement Gn(x1, . . . , xn) 6= b for any string b ∈ {0, 1}m. We present a function (m ≥ 2nΩ(1)) generator which is hard for Res( log n); here Res(k) is the propositional proof system that extends Resolution by allowing k-DNFs instead of clauses. As a ...

This paper provides a review on major ergodic features of semi-independent hyper MV {algebra dynamical systems. Theorems are presentedto make contribution to calculate the entropy. Particularly, it is proved that thetotal entropy of those semi-independent hyper MV {algebra dynamical systemsthat have a generator can be calculated with respect to their generator ratherthan considering all the par...

In this paper, we discuss the hypothesis that an ordered Γ-semigroup can be constructed on M-left(right)-tri-basis. order to generalize left(right)-tri-basis using Γ-semigroups and semigroups, examined M-tri-ideals from a purely algebraic standpoint. We also present form of M-tri-ideal generator. investigated M-left(right)-tri-ideal Γ-semigroup. obtain their properties, used It was possible gen...

In order to evaluate the impulse magnetic field distribution inside buildings truck by lightning or by nearby stokes, a set of measuring system composed of self-made magnetic detection coil and fiber transmission system was developed. The sensitivity coefficient of the optical fiber transmission system was calibrated by sine wave generator. Connecting the output of a portable 8/20μs current gen...

The Brushless DC (BLDC) motor is a simple robust machine which has found application over a wide power and speed of ranges in different shapes and geometry. This paper briefly reviews the fundamentals behind the motor and also the different types of BLDC motors with different geometries and then presents a new configuration for BLDC motor/generator, which does not use a permanent magnet in the ...

the output of x-ray, especially in the field of required energy for diagnosing the disease is very low (in diagnosing lamps, it is less than 1%). in this kind of lamps the rest of the electrical energy is transformed to heat. this considerable amount of heat induces a myriad of too many limitations in choosing higher levels of radiation, particularly in specialized techniques. this process is t...

background: a boron neutron capture therapy (bnct) facility, based on a dt neutron generator, with the final goal to find out a potential, alternative, solution to existing bnct treatment facilities which are based on nuclear reactors is examined. materials and methods: with the aim of the mcnp4b monte carlo code different beam-shaping assembly (bsa) configurations were considered. lead was sel...

We show that the Alexander-Conway polynomial ∆ is obtainable via a particular one-variable reduction of each two-variable Links– Gould invariant LG , where m is a positive integer. Thus there exist infinitely many two-variable generalisations of ∆. This result is not obvious since in the reduction, the representation of the braid group generator used to define LG does not satisfy a second-order...

Let M and L be elliptic differential operators of orders 2m and 2/, respectively, with m ̂ S. The existence and uniqueness of a solution to the abstract mixed initial and boundary value problem Mu(t) + Lu(t) = 0, u(0) = u0 was established for u0 given in the domain of the infinitesimal generator of a strongly-continuous semi-group. The purpose of this paper is to show that this semi-group is hol...

A matrix formulation of the time-dependent transition partition function is combined with a generator matrix formalism to permit rapid and accurate calculation of the first and second orientation autocorrelation functions, (m(O).m(r)) and ( (3/2)(m(O).m(~))~ 1 / 2 ) , for a chain molecule. Here m is a unit vector rigidly attached to a bond in the chain, and 0 and T denote this vector at times 0...