While it is assumed that reintroduction of saturated fat might be deleterious, recent research suggests that the role of saturated fatty acids needs to be re-examined. “Current dietary intake recommendations of macronutrients have targeted total fat, cholesterol and saturated fat as the principle means to improve human health,” says Bruce German, professor, Department of Food Science & Technolo...

Worldwide, not only the prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically throughout the last three decades but also the incidences of co-morbid conditions such as diabetes type 2 and liver disease have increased. The 'hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome' is called nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and comprises a wide spectrum of stages of liver disease ranging from simple st...

Introduction Adequate weight gain during pregnancy is important for the short-term and long-term health of mother and child. If gestational weight gain is too low, there is an increased risk of low birth weight and preterm birth (1). In contrast, if gestational weight gain is excessive, there is an elevated risk of gestational diabetes, excessive intrauterine growth, caesarean delivery, materna...

BACKGROUND Obesity rates in Saudi Arabia are amongst the highest in the world. It is known that teenage girls are less active than teenage boys, but less is known about the diet and activity patterns in younger girls. Therefore this study sought to investigate dietary intake and daily physical activity in girls aged 8-11 years old in Saudi Arabia. METHODS This was a cross- sectional observati...

INTRODUCTION Obesity and Type 2 diabetes may be controlled by foods capable of modulating food intake and blood glucose. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether the addition of food sources of fiber or phaseolamin to shakes can control food intake and reduce postprandial glycemia. METHODS This was a randomized, single blind, crossover design study (food intake: n=22; glycemia: n=10). Five liquid...

To define a low-risk diet for breast cancer in Italy, a multicentric case-control study of 2569 incident cases of breast cancer and 2588 controls from Italy was analyzed. A logistic regression model was applied to the estimated intake of five macronutrients and used to compute a diet-related risk score (RS). The pattern of macronutrient and food group intake across RS deciles was defined. The m...

Covasa, M., R. C. Ritter, and G. A. Burns. Reduction of food intake by intestinal macronutrient infusion is not reversed by NMDA receptor blockade. Am. J. Physiol. Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 278: R345–R351, 2000.—Rats increase their intake of food, but not water, after intraperitoneal injection of MK-801, a noncompetitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate-activated ion channels. We ...

The nutrient needs of athletes with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) are dependent on their physiological alterations and training status. Limited research is available regarding dietary intake of elite athletes with SCI and possible nutrient deficiencies. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine dietary intake of elite athletes with SCI, and determine dietary intake inadequacies based on th...

We investigated the role of the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) and variants near the melanocortin-4 receptor gene (MC4R) in modulating habitual intake of total energy and macronutrients, glycemic index, glycemic load, dietary energy density, and energy from 20 food groups in adults. In a population-based sample of 756 healthy adult twin pairs, we studied associations between FTO rs9...

OBJECTIVE This review provides an update of recent studies of dietary fiber and weight and includes a discussion of potential mechanisms of how dietary fiber can aid weight loss and weight maintenance. METHODS Human studies published on dietary fiber and body weight were reviewed and summarized. Dietary fiber content of popular low-carbohydrate diets were calculated and are presented. RESUL...