Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus-8, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) of the plasma cell type, and primary effusion lymphoma. KSHV is rarely associated with the hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), but when it does occur, it most occurs in immunocompromised patients. We report herein an unusual c...

Intravascular large B-cell Lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare subtype of extranodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that challenging to diagnose and has poor prognosis. Here, we describe two patients newly diagnosed with IVLBCL at our institution: an African man hemophagocytic-syndrome-associated Italian woman cutaneous variant IVLBCL. They presented very different clinical manifestations. Both cases were in t...

INTRODUCTION Systemic Epstein-Barr virus-positive T-cell lymphoproliferative childhood disease is an extremely rare disorder and classically arises following primary acute or chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection. It is characterized by clonal proliferation of Epstein-Barr virus-infected T-cells with an activated cytotoxic phenotype. This disease has a rapid clinical course and is more fr...

To the Editor: Virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS) is a fulminant disorder associated with systemic viral infection and is characterized pathologically by the proliferation of hemophagocytic histiocytes in the lymphoreticular tissues. Here we report a case of mumps VAHS following parotitis and pancreatitis. A 39-year-old, previously healthy woman sought treatment for abdominal pain ...

cytomegalovirus is the most common viral infection after kidney transplantation. clinical presentations of cytomegalovirus infection range from asymptomatic infection to organ-specific involvement. most symptomatic infections manifest as fever and cytopenia. the gastrointestinal tract is the most common site of tissue-invasive infection, often presenting as diarrhea or gastrointestinal bleeding...

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, potentially lethal condition due to dysfunctional immune response causing severe inflammatory syndrome. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) – induced HLH form of secondary HLH, very serious presentation an otherwise benign viral infection. Here we present case 31 year old previously healthy male with prolonged fever and constitutional symptoms, eventuall...

The pathogenesis of cerebral/renal salt-wasting syndrome remains unknown. We herein present a case of salt-wasting syndrome with a natural killer-cell neoplasm without cerebral invasion. A 78-year-old man with hemophagocytic syndrome received two cycles of chemotherapy that did not induce tumor lysis syndrome, but repeatedly caused polyuria and natriuresis. The expression of tumor necrosis fact...

Both natural killer cell- and macrophage-mediated spontaneous in vitro cytotoxicity for tumor targets is rapidly and strongly augmented by interferon. Macrophage-activating lymphokines considerably enhance macrophage-tumoricidal activity but did not affect natural killer cell-type cytotoxicity. Augmentation of cytolytic capacity by interferon and by macrophage-activating lymphokines is prevente...