Among the functionalities of magnetic Heusler alloys, magnetostriction is attracting considerable attention. The alloy Ni2MnGa has a premartensite phase, which is a precursor state to the martensitic transition. Some researchers have observed magnetostriction in this alloy in the premartensite phase. We performed magnetostriction studies on the premartensite phase of related Cr-substituted Ni2M...

BACKGROUND Brain change can occur in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), potentially as a result of cholestatic and/or inflammatory processes. This change is linked to systemic symptoms of fatigue and cognitive impairment. AIM To identify whether brain change occurs early in PBC. If the change develops early and is progressive, it may explain the difficulty in treating these symptoms. METHOD...

Quantitative magnetisation transfer (MT) analysis is based on a two-pool model of magnetisation transfer and allows important physical properties of the two proton pools to be assessed. A good signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the measured signal is essential in order to estimate reliably the parameters from a small number of samples, thus prompting the use of a sequence with high SNR, such as a ...

Quantitative magnetisation transfer imaging (qMTI) is an extension of conventional MT techniques and allows the measurement of parameters that reflect tissue ultrastructure through the properties of macromolecule-bound protons; these include the bound proton fraction and the relaxation times of free and bound proton pools. It has been used in multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease, and has ...

Introduction Spatially restricting the excitation of magnetisation to a desired volume is of enormous value for ROI imaging and spectroscopy. These excitations can be easily performed on slabs. The excitation of arbitrary shaped volumes involves expensive computations and is generally unfeasible for in vivo application as the computations are necessary with changing sensitivity maps and thus mo...

It is shown that a previously developed formalism for representing microscopic charge and current densities in terms of polarisation and magnetisation fields can be written in a manifestly Lorentz covariant manner. The chargexurrent density four-vector associated with an aggregate of charged point particles is first constructed and its behaviour under the time reversal transformation is discuss...

The sensitivity of continuous-wave, non-linear EPR signals to spin–lattice (T1) relaxation has been investigated. The aim was to identify those spectral displays that are most appropriate to obtain structural and dynamic information from spin-label EPR experiments that involve detection of T1-relaxation enhancements. This has been achieved by solving the Bloch equations for the various harmonic...

The technique used to spot information in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses electromagnetic fields. Even minor perturbations of these magnetic fields can disturb the imaging process and may render clinical images inaccurate or useless. Modelling and numerical simulation of the effects of static field inhomogeneities are now well established. Less attention has been paid to mathematical mode...

High resolution scanning Hall probe microscopy has been used to directly visualise the superconducting vortex behavior in hybrid structures consisting of a square array of micrometer-sized Py ferromagnetic disks covered by a superconducting Nb thin film. At remanence the disks exist in almost fully flux-closed magnetic vortex states, but the observed cloverleaf-like stray fields indicate the pr...

We consider coevolution of site status and link structures from two different initial networks: a one dimensional Ising chain and a scale free network. The dynamics is governed by a preassigned stability parameter S, and a rewiring factor φ, that determines whether the Ising spin at the chosen site flips or whether the node gets rewired to another node in the system. This dynamics has also been...