Introduction: the Restoration of endodontically treated teeth is critical, and the Awareness of stresses developed by oblique and vertical forces in restorative methods take a great role in treatment plans. Due to the anatomical shape and inherent form of the stress distribution premolars, could be lost by fractures. Some fractures such as vertical fracture which is probable in...

this paper focuses on aftershocks behavior and seismicity along some co-seismic faults for large earthquakes in iran. the data of aftershocks and seismicity roughly extracted from both the institute of geophysics the university of tehran (igut) and international seismological center (isc) catalogs. apply some essential methods on 43 large earthquakes data; like the depth, magnitude as well as t...

In recent work, Christopher Peacocke has argued for a kind of realism (or anti-reductionism) about magnitudes such as temperature and spatial distance. Peacocke’s argument is that are an ineliminable commitment scientific everyday explanations (including high-level explanations), they the natural candidates semantic values our ordinary magnitude talk, contents mental states. I critique these ar...

The location of the Reference Value for an analyte within the population distribution affects the magnitude of error due to methodological bias. Using the gaussian distribution, we evaluated the effects of systematic and proportional biases of the method (positive and negative), mean value, and standard deviation on the magnitude of error. We chose four Reference Values for cholesterol as a mod...

fabrication of ultrafine grained materials by imposing severe plastic deformation for improvement of mechanical and physical properties of metals has been the focus of many researches over the past few years. in this process, a sheet is subjected to repetitive shear deformation conditions by utilizing asymmetrically grooved and flat dies through alternate pressing. in this study, a 2mm thick co...

The distribution of many real discrete random variables (e.g., the frequency of words, the population of cities) can be approximated by a zeta distribution, that is known popularly as Zipf’s law, or power law in physics. Here we revisit the relationship between power law distribution of a magnitude and the corresponding power relationship between the magnitude of a certain element and its rank....

This paper focuses on optimal estimators of the magnitude spectrum for speech enhancement. We present an analytical solution for estimating in the MMSE sense the magnitude spectrum when the clean speech DFT coefficients are modeled by a Laplacian distribution and the noise DFT coefficients are modeled by a Gaussian distribution. Furthermore, we derive the MMSE estimator under speech presence un...