This study investigated the impact of interaction and output modality on vocabulary learning and retention of EFL learners. To investigate the impact of Interaction, solitary (n =69) and collaborative (n =62) groups served as experimental and No Interaction No Output (n =26) as control group. To address the effect of modality, spoken (n =39) and written (n =31) modalities served as experimental...

We discuss the effects of various processes that can be active during the leptogenesis era, and present the Boltzmann equations that take them into account appropriately. A non-vanishing Higgs number asymmetry is always present, enhancing the washout of the lepton asymmetry. This is the main new effect when leptogenesis takes place at T > 10 GeV, reducing the final baryon asymmetry and tighteni...

Recent experiments performed by the HERMES collaboration have demonstrated that a small but nonzero Sivers mechanism for transverse single-spin asymmetries exists [1]. Although the presence of such effects has been conjectured long ago [2], only more recent studies [3] have clarified the role of final and initial state interactions as a source of such T-odd asymmetries at the parton level and h...

Trust is a concept we heavily use in everyday life because it allows us to cope with the complexity of interactions with other people. This concept is also implicitly used throughout the Internet, both in the infrastructure and in the end-user services. Since security problems on the Internet are becoming more and more serious, and thus present a threat to the further growth of the Internet, th...

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the possible effects of laterality and handedness on higher-order sensory functions and manual dexterity of the elderly. Methods: In this non-experimental cross-sectional study, 58 elderly people aged 60-75 years (35 right-handed) were recruited through a convenience sampling method. Laterality of the selected subjects was examined using the E...