It was previously revealed that the total CO2 concentration in seawater decreased during the Late Archean. In this paper, to assess the secular change of total CO2 concentration in seawater, we focused on the Paleoproterozoic era when the Earth experienced its first recorded global glaciation. The 2.4 Ga Ongeluk Formation outcrops in the Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa. The formation consists mai...

Whereas various kinds of efforts have been paid to reduce greenhouse gas from manufacturing sector, emission has been significantly increased in non-manufacturing sector such as transportation, residential, commercial and service sector. Such GHG increase is closely related with urban activity both in direct way and in indirect way. The contribution of this non-manufacturing sector to all CO2 e...

[1] Deep aquifers are potential long-term storage sites for anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The retention time and environmental safety of the injected CO2 depend on geologic and physical factors and on the chemical reactions between the CO2, the aquifer water, and the host rocks. The pH buffer capacity of the aquifer water and the acid neutralization potential of the host rocks are important fact...

Lasers with modulated parameters are arguably among the simplest and most accessible laser systems of interest for applications in science and engineering and for theoretical investigations. The intrinsic interest in practical applications and in the nonlinear dynamics of modulated lasers has spurred a wide range of studies after the remarkably influential work of Arecchi et al. [1] reporting t...

As a new type of functional materials, porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have experienced tremendous development in the past decade. Their amenability to design, together with the functionalizable nanospace inside their frameworks, has afforded them great potential for various applications. In this review, we provide a brief summary of the current status of porous MOFs in energy-related ap...

Introduction Using the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) (see Fig.1) on board Spirit and Opportunity rovers on MER mission, we were able to measure the argon density variation in the martian atmosphere as a function of seasonal changes. Due mainly to the variation of the temperature as a function of season on martian poles, the air mass on Mars is constantly moving from North pole to Sou...

Composting is one of the best ways to properly manage the high production of sewage sludge with the aim of obtaining sanitized products with a stable organic matter. The evolution of the stability of a compost consisting of sewage sludge, straw and sawdust, developed under full-scale conditions, was analyzed. The stability was assessed by a respirometric assay performed for 30 days, where the O...

The substitution of fossil fuels with biofuels has been proposed in the European Union (EU) as part of a strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from road transport, increase security of energy supply and support development of rural communities. In this paper, we examine this opportunity, by focusing on one of these purported benefits, the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. The cost ...

The aim of this work is to bring an econometric approach upon the CO2 market. We identify the specificities of this market, and regarding the carbon as a commodity. We investigate the econometric particularities of CO2 prices behavior and their result of the calibration. We apprehend and explain the reasons of the non-Gaussian behavior of this market focusing mainly upon jump diffusion and gene...