Experts in the field of organ transplantation had to rank order a set of 32 patients according to their priority in receiving a donated kidney. The patients were described by the five characteristics that are incorporated in the kidney allocation algorithm applied by “Eurotransplant”. The priority rankings as defined by the experts were analyzed and patterns of decision making identified in the...

Nature-inspired devices and architectures are attracting considerable attention for various purposes, including the development of novel computing techniques based on spatiotemporal dynamics, exploiting stochastic processes for computing, and reducing energy dissipation. This paper demonstrates that networks of optical energy transfers between quantum nanostructures mediated by optical near-fie...

In three studies, we explored the retention and transfer of tool-making knowledge, learnt from an adult demonstration, to other temporal and task contexts. All studies used a variation of a task in which children had to make a hook tool to retrieve a bucket from a tall transparent tube. Children who failed to innovate the hook tool independently saw a demonstration. In Study 1, we tested childr...

Multiperson decision making problems involve using the preferences of some experts about a set of alternatives in order to find the best of those alternatives. However, sometimes experts cannot give all the information that they are required. Particularly, when dealing with fuzzy preference relations they can avoid giving some of the preference values of the relation. In the literature these in...

In this work we present an approach to solving time-critical decision-making problems by taking advantage of domain structure to expand the amount of time available for processing difficult combinatorial tasks. Our approach uses predictable variability in computational demands to allocate on-line deliberation time and exploits problem regularity and stochastic models of environmental dynamics t...

We give new positive results on the long-standing open problem of geometric covering decomposition for homothetic polygons. In particular, we prove that for any positive integer k, every finite set of points in R can be colored with k colors so that every translate of the negative octant containing at least k points contains at least one of each color. The best previously known bound was doubly...

This is a questionnaire is designed for evaluating a group argumentation based decision making prototype system, which is a part of my PhD research. A task driven experiment has been designed, during the experiment the participants will be asked to use a developed group argumentation based decision making software system to carry out group discussion around the task, the discussion will be reco...

Inmulti-expert decisionmaking (MEDM) problems the experts provide their preferences about the alternatives according to their knowledge. Because they can have different knowledge, educational backgrounds, or experiences, it seems logical that they might use different evaluation scales to express their opinions. In the present article, we focus on decision problems defined in uncertain contexts ...

We argue that infant meaning-making processes are a central mechanism governing both typical and pathological outcomes. Infants, as open dynamic systems, must constantly garner information to increase their complexity and coherence. They fulfill this demand by making nonverbal "meaning"-affects, movements, representations-about themselves in relation to the world and themselves into a "biopsych...