Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may offer therapeutic benefit in the setting of sepsis and endotoxemia. Previous studies suggest that MSCs from female donors may possess better protective capabilities than their male counterparts. The present study examined whether female MSCs may offer a greater protective advantage in the setting of endotoxemic cardiac dysfunction compared with male MSCs. Adult...

In reports of scientific investigations the terms “sex” and “gender” are frequently used interchangeably in spite of longstanding acceptance that each refers to different qualities of an individual’s sexuality [20]. While sex is generally acknowledged as determined by biological characteristics that, in most cases, reasonably clearly define an individual as “female” or “male” in terms of their ...

Abbreviations: AI: Artificial Insemination; BCF: Beat Cross Frequency; PI: Propidiumiodide; ZBA: Zona Binding Assay; DFI: DNA Fragmentation Index; HZA: Hemizona Assay; SCSA: Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay; AOT: Acridine Orange Test; SCD: Sperm Chromatin Dispersion Test; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species; VSL: Straight Line Velocity; LIN: linearity; VCL: Curvilinear Velocity; CTC: Fluorescent Chlort...

Evolution is the story of shifting genes: New ones arise, old ones pass away, existing ones become more or less widespread in response to the pressures of life. Without the creation of new genes this dance would not be possible. New research suggests that, regarding new gene creation, plants and animals have much more in common than meets the eye. More than a decade ago research groups began to...

Artificial insemination of farm animals is very common in today's animal husbandry in the developed world, especially for breeding dairy cattle (75% of all inseminations) and swine (up to 85% of all inseminations). It is used for breeding buffaloes, sheep, goats, horses, dogs and a variety of laboratory animals as well. It allows a male to inseminate a much larger number of females and to use t...

The influence of previous sexual experience and subsequent differential housing on the epididymis and fertility index was studied for male Swiss albino cc mice. Among animals with previous sexual experience those having a high epididymal beta-glucuronidase activity showed a high fertility index and vice versa. The reproductive potential of animals without previous sexual experience was reduced ...

This section introduces important animals that are not regarded as causing fairy circles. It is rather assumed they take advantage of resources and structures provided by Some them directly use the Sand termites a food resource (e.g. Aardvark), others occupy various positions within webs at circles Seothyra spiders feeding on Tetramorium ants which forage Psammotermes). Others seem to simply ma...

Aggressive and sexual behavior in the adult leopard gecko (Eublepharis macularius), a species with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), is influenced by the temperature experienced as an egg, as well as by prenatal and perinatal hormones. This study focused on the effects of hormonal manipulation of adult female leopard geckos from different incubation temperatures. Following ovariect...

in order to investigate the prevalence of infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus(bvdv) of cattle in ahvaz,blood samples were collected from jugular vein of 572 cattle(521 female, 51 male) from industrial and nonindustrial farms. sera were stored at -20?c while waiting for analysis. the sera were tested by elisa, using a commercial elisa kit for detection of specific antibody to bovine vira...

BACKGROUND Trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) is used as an ingredient in a wide variety of coatings, resins, photosensitive materials, and superabsorbent baby diapers. We studied the effects of TMPTA on male and female rats and mice to identify potential toxic or cancer-related hazards. METHODS We applied solutions containing TMPTA in acetone on the backs of male and female rats and mice...